TY  - JOUR
A1  - Spracklen, Dominick V.
A1  - Carslaw, Kenneth S.
A1  - Merikanto, Joonas
A1  - Mann, Graham W.
A1  - Pickering, Steven
A1  - Ogren, John A.
A1  - Andrews, Elisabeth
A1  - Baltensperger, Urs
A1  - Weingartner, Ernest
A1  - Boy, Michael
A1  - Kulmala, Markku
A1  - Laakso, Lauri
A1  - Lihavainen, Heikki
A1  - Kivekäs, Niku
A1  - Mihalopoulos, Nikos
A1  - Kouvarakis, G.
A1  - Jennings, S. Gerard
A1  - Birmili, Wolfram
A1  - Wiedensohler, Alfred
A1  - Weller, Rolf
A1  - Laj, Paolo
A1  - Sellegri, Karine
A1  - Bonn, Boris
A1  - Krejci, Radek
T1  - Explaining global surface aerosol number concentrations in terms of primary emissions and particle formation
T2  - Atmospheric chemistry and physics / Discussions
N2  - We use observations of total particle number concentration at 36 worldwide sites and a global aerosol model to quantify the primary and secondary sources of particle number. We show that emissions of primary particles can reasonably reproduce the spatial pattern of observed condensation nuclei (CN) (R2=0.51) but fail to explain the observed seasonal cycle at many sites (R2=0.1). The modeled CN concentration in the free troposphere is biased low (normalised mean bias, NMB=−88%) unless a secondary source of particles is included, for example from binary homogeneous nucleation of sulfuric acid and water (NMB=−25%). Simulated CN concentrations in the continental boundary layer (BL) are also biased low (NMB=−74%) unless the number emission of anthropogenic primary particles is increased or an empirical BL particle formation mechanism based on sulfuric acid is used. We find that the seasonal CN cycle observed at continental BL sites is better simulated by including a BL particle formation mechanism (R2=0.3) than by increasing the number emission from primary anthropogenic sources (R2=0.18). Using sensitivity tests we derive optimum rate coefficients for this nucleation mechanism, which agree with values derived from detailed case studies at individual sites.
Y1  - 2009
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/22749
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30-115837
UR  - http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/9/26377/2009/acpd-9-26377-2009.html
SN  - 1680-7375
N1  - © Author(s) 2009. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
VL  - 9.2009
SP  - 26377
EP  - 26419
PB  - European Geosciences Union
CY  - Katlenburg-Lindau
ER  -