TY  - JOUR
A1  - Litynski, Grzegorz S.
T1  - Hans Frangenheim - culdoscopy vs. laparoscopy : the first book on gynecological endoscopy, and "cold light"
T2  - Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons
N2  - In the United States, culdoscopy (a vaginal approach to view the abdomen) replaced laparoscopy for about 20 years, circa 1950-1970. In contrast to many of his colleagues, Hans Frangenheim of Wuppertal, Germany, was not satisfied with culdoscopy and turned to an abdominal approach. Frangenheim began publishing his experiences with gynecological laparoscopy in 1958 and stressed technical improvements. He constructed a CO2 insufflator, wrote the first book on gynecological endoscopy, and introduced "cold light" into laparoscopy. Frangenheim strongly stimulated the rise of gynecological laparoscopy in Europe in the 1960s and later.
Y1  - 1997
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26741
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-267412
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3016753/
SN  - 1086-8089
SN  - 1938-3797
N1  - This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/), which permits for noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not altered in any way.
VL  - 1
IS  - 4
SP  - 357
EP  - 361
PB  - Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons
CY  - Miami, Fla.
ER  -