TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bernardes-Souza, Breno
A1  - Assis Pires, Francisco Patruz Ananias de
A1  - Moreira Madeira, Gustavo
A1  - Rodrigues, Túlio Felício da Cunha
A1  - Gatzka, Martina
A1  - Heppt, Markus V.
A1  - Omlor, Albert Joachim
A1  - Enk, Alexander
A1  - Groneberg, Jan David Alexander
A1  - Seeger, Werner
A1  - Kalle, Christof von
A1  - Berking, Carola
A1  - Corrêa, Paulo César Rodrigues Pinto
A1  - Suhre, Janina Leonie
A1  - Alfitian, Jonas
A1  - Assis, Aisllan
A1  - Brinker, Titus Josef
T1  - Facial-aging mobile apps for smoking prevention in secondary schools in Brazil : appearance-focused interventional study
T2  - Journal of medical internet research
N2  - Background: Most smokers start smoking during their early adolescence, often with the idea that smoking is glamorous. Interventions that harness the broad availability of mobile phones as well as adolescents' interest in their appearance may be a novel way to improve school-based prevention. A recent study conducted in Germany showed promising results. However, the transfer to other cultural contexts, effects on different genders, and implementability remains unknown.
Objective: In this observational study, we aimed to test the perception and implementability of facial-aging apps to prevent smoking in secondary schools in Brazil in accordance with the theory of planned behavior and with respect to different genders.
Methods: We used a free facial-aging mobile phone app ("Smokerface") in three Brazilian secondary schools via a novel method called mirroring. The students’ altered three-dimensional selfies on mobile phones or tablets and images were "mirrored" via a projector in front of their whole grade. Using an anonymous questionnaire, we then measured on a 5-point Likert scale the perceptions of the intervention among 306 Brazilian secondary school students of both genders in the seventh grade (average age 12.97 years). A second questionnaire captured perceptions of medical students who conducted the intervention and its conduction per protocol.
Results: The majority of students perceived the intervention as fun (304/306, 99.3%), claimed the intervention motivated them not to smoke (289/306, 94.4%), and stated that they learned new benefits of not smoking (300/306, 98.0%). Only a minority of students disagreed or fully disagreed that they learned new benefits of nonsmoking (4/306, 1.3%) or that they themselves were motivated not to smoke (5/306, 1.6%). All of the protocol was delivered by volunteer medical students.
Conclusions: Our data indicate the potential for facial-aging interventions to reduce smoking prevalence in Brazilian secondary schools in accordance with the theory of planned behavior. Volunteer medical students enjoyed the intervention and are capable of complete implementation per protocol.
KW  - dermatology
KW  - smoking
KW  - apps
KW  - photoaging
KW  - face
KW  - skin
KW  - tobacco
KW  - tobacco cessation
KW  - tobacco prevention
Y1  - 2018
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/46889
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-468892
SN  - 2369-2960
N1  - This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://publichealth.jmir.org, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.
VL  - 4
IS  - 3, e10234
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
PB  - JMIR Publications
CY  - Toronto
ER  -