TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wicht, Anna-Jorina
A1  - Heye, Katharina
A1  - Schmidt, Anja
A1  - Oehlmann, Jörg
A1  - Huhn, Carolin
T1  - The wastewater micropollutant carbamazepine in insectivorous birds-an exposure estimate
T2  - Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry
N2  - Insects with aquatic life stages can transfer sediment and water pollutants to terrestrial ecosystems, which has been described for metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, and polychlorinated chemicals. However, knowledge of the transfer of aquatic micropollutants released by wastewater treatment plants is scarce despite some preliminary studies on their occurrence in riparian spiders. In our study, we address a major analytical gap focusing on the transfer of the micropollutant carbamazepine from the larvae to the adult midges of Chironomus riparius using an optimized QuEChERS extraction method and HPLC–MS/MS applicable to both life stages down to the level of about three individuals. We show that the uptake of carbamazepine by larvae is concentration-dependent and reduces the emergence rate. Importantly, the body burden remained constant in adult midges. Using this information, we estimated the daily exposure of insectivorous tree swallows as terrestrial predators to carbamazepine using the energy demand of the predator and the energy content of the prey. Assuming environmentally relevant water concentrations of about 1 μg/L, the daily dose per kilogram of body weight for tree swallows was estimated to be 0.5 μg/kg/day. At places of high water contamination of 10 μg/L, the exposure may reach 5 μg/kg/day for this micropollutant of medium polarity. Considering body burden changes upon metamorphosis, this study fills the missing link between aquatic contamination and exposure in terrestrial habitats showing that wastewater pollutants can impact birds’ life. Clearly, further analytical methods for biota analysis in both habitats are urgently required to improve risk assessment.
KW  - Body burden
KW  - Chironomus riparius
KW  - Habitat transfer
KW  - Metamorphosis
KW  - QuEChERS
Y1  - 2022
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/83191
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-831913
SN  - 1618-2650
N1  - Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. We thank for the support from the Excellence Initiative, a jointly funded program of the German Federal and State governments, organized by the German Research Foundation (DFG). Part of the study was also supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) within the framework of the funding measures “Regional Water Resources Management for Sustainable Protection of Waters in Germany—ReWaM” and “Investigations of sustainable development—FONA” under the project “NiddaMan” (project identifier: 02WRM1367A).
VL  - 414
IS  - 17
SP  - 4909
EP  - 4917
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin ; Heidelberg
ER  -