TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schwiedrzik, Caspar Martin
A1  - Ruff, Christian C.
A1  - Lazar, Andreea
A1  - Leitner, Frauke C.
A1  - Singer, Wolf
A1  - Melloni, Lucia
T1  - Untangling perceptual memory: hysteresis and adaptation map into separate cortical networks
T2  - Cerebral cortex
N2  - Perception is an active inferential process in which prior knowledge is combined with sensory input, the result of which determines the contents of awareness. Accordingly, previous experience is known to help the brain “decide” what to perceive. However, a critical aspect that has not been addressed is that previous experience can exert 2 opposing effects on perception: An attractive effect, sensitizing the brain to perceive the same again (hysteresis), or a repulsive effect, making it more likely to perceive something else (adaptation). We used functional magnetic resonance imaging and modeling to elucidate how the brain entertains these 2 opposing processes, and what determines the direction of such experience-dependent perceptual effects. We found that although affecting our perception concurrently, hysteresis and adaptation map into distinct cortical networks: a widespread network of higher-order visual and fronto-parietal areas was involved in perceptual stabilization, while adaptation was confined to early visual areas. This areal and hierarchical segregation may explain how the brain maintains the balance between exploiting redundancies and staying sensitive to new information. We provide a Bayesian model that accounts for the coexistence of hysteresis and adaptation by separating their causes into 2 distinct terms: Hysteresis alters the prior, whereas adaptation changes the sensory evidence (the likelihood function).
KW  - adaptation
KW  - Bayesian model
KW  - functional magnetic resonance imaging
KW  - hysteresis
KW  - perceptual memory
Y1  - 2012
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/27787
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-277870
SN  - 1047-3211
SN  - 1460-2199
N1  - This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits non-commercial reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
VL  - 24
SP  - 1152
EP  - 1164
PB  - Oxford Univ. Press
CY  - Oxford
ER  -