The hard way towards an antibody-based HIV-1 env vaccine : lessons from other viruses

  • Although effective antibody-based vaccines have been developed against multiple viruses, such approaches have so far failed for the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Despite the success of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) that has turned HIV-1 infection into a chronic disease and has reduced the number of new infections worldwide, a vaccine against HIV-1 is still urgently needed. We discuss here the major reasons for the failure of “classical” vaccine approaches, which are mostly due to the biological properties of the virus itself. HIV-1 has developed multiple mechanisms of immune escape, which also account for vaccine failure. So far, no vaccine candidate has been able to induce broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against primary patient viruses from different clades. However, such antibodies were identified in a subset of patients during chronic infection and were shown to protect from infection in animal models and to reduce viremia in first clinical trials. Their detailed characterization has guided structure-based reverse vaccinology approaches to design better HIV-1 envelope (Env) immunogens. Furthermore, conserved Env epitopes have been identified, which are promising candidates in view of clinical applications. Together with new vector-based technologies, considerable progress has been achieved in recent years towards the development of an effective antibody-based HIV-1 vaccine.

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Author:Oliver Ringel, Vincent Vieillard, Patrice Debré, Jutta Eichler, Hildegard Büning, Ursula Dietrich
URN:urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-463429
DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/v10040197
ISSN:1999-4915
Pubmed Id:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29662026
Parent Title (English):Viruses
Publisher:MDPI
Place of publication:Basel
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Year of Completion:2018
Date of first Publication:2018/04/15
Publishing Institution:Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg
Release Date:2018/04/24
Tag:Env; HIV-1; adeno-associated viruses (AAV); broadly neutralizing antibodies; epitope vaccine; structure-based reverse vaccinology; vaccine; vectored vaccine
Volume:10
Issue:4, Art. 197
Page Number:22
First Page:1
Last Page:22
Note:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. (CC BY 4.0).
HeBIS-PPN:431529787
Institutes:Angeschlossene und kooperierende Institutionen / Georg-Speyer-Haus
Dewey Decimal Classification:6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
Sammlungen:Universitätspublikationen
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - Namensnennung 4.0