Heinrich Scheiblauer, Claudius Micha Nübling, Timo Wolf, Yascha Khodamoradi, Carla Bellinghausen, Michael Sonntagbauer, Katharina Esser-Nobis, Angela Filomena, Vera Mahler, Thorsten Jürgen Maier, Christoph Stephan
- Background: Antibody detection of SARS-CoV-2 requires an understanding of its variation, course, and duration.
Methods: Antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated over 5–430 days on 828 samples across COVID-19 severity levels, for total antibody (TAb), IgG, IgA, IgM, neutralizing antibody (NAb), antibody avidity, and for receptor-binding-domain (RBD), spike (S), or nucleoprotein (N). Specificity was determined on 676 pre-pandemic samples.
Results: Sensitivity at 30–60 days post symptom onset (pso) for TAb-S/RBD, TAb-N, IgG-S, IgG-N, IgA-S, IgM-RBD, and NAb was 96.6%, 99.5%, 89.7%, 94.3%, 80.9%, 76.9% and 92.8%, respectively. Follow-up 430 days pso revealed: TAb-S/RBD increased slightly (100.0%); TAb-N decreased slightly (97.1%); IgG-S and IgA-S decreased moderately (81.4%, 65.7%); NAb remained positive (94.3%), slightly decreasing in activity after 300 days; there was correlation with IgG-S (Rs = 0.88) and IgA-S (Rs = 0.71); IgG-N decreased significantly from day 120 (15.7%); IgM-RBD dropped after 30–60 days (22.9%). High antibody avidity developed against S/RBD steadily with time in 94.3% of patients after 430 days. This correlated with persistent antibody detection depending on antibody-binding efficiency of the test design. Severe COVID-19 correlated with earlier and higher antibody response, mild COVID-19 was heterogeneous with a wide range of antibody reactivities. Specificity of the tests was ≥99%, except for IgA (96%).
Conclusion: Sensitivity of anti-SARS-CoV-2 assays was determined by test design, target antigen, antibody avidity, and COVID-19 severity. Sustained antibody detection was mainly determined by avidity progression for RBD and S. Testing by TAb and for S/RBD provided the highest sensitivity and longest detection duration of 14 months so far.
MetadatenAuthor: | Heinrich ScheiblauerORCiD, Claudius Micha NüblingORCiD, Timo WolfORCiDGND, Yascha KhodamoradiORCiD, Carla BellinghausenORCiD, Michael SonntagbauerGND, Katharina Esser-NobisORCiDGND, Angela FilomenaORCiDGND, Vera MahlerORCiD, Thorsten Jürgen MaierGND, Christoph StephanORCiDGND |
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-783048 |
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DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2021.105052 |
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ISSN: | 1386-6532 |
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Pubmed Id: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34920374 |
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Parent Title (English): | Journal of clinical virology |
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Publisher: | Elsevier |
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Place of publication: | Amsterdam |
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Document Type: | Article |
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Language: | English |
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Date of Publication (online): | 2021/12/15 |
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Date of first Publication: | 2021/12/04 |
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Publishing Institution: | Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg |
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Release Date: | 2024/02/09 |
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Tag: | Antibody avidity; COVID-19; Persistence SARS-CoV-2 antibodies; Sensitivity; Specificity; neutralization |
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Volume: | 146.2022 |
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Issue: | 105052 |
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Article Number: | 105052 |
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Page Number: | 9 |
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Institutes: | Medizin |
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Dewey Decimal Classification: | 6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit |
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Sammlungen: | Universitätspublikationen |
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Licence (German): | Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International |
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