Untangling perceptual memory: hysteresis and adaptation map into separate cortical networks

  • Perception is an active inferential process in which prior knowledge is combined with sensory input, the result of which determines the contents of awareness. Accordingly, previous experience is known to help the brain “decide” what to perceive. However, a critical aspect that has not been addressed is that previous experience can exert 2 opposing effects on perception: An attractive effect, sensitizing the brain to perceive the same again (hysteresis), or a repulsive effect, making it more likely to perceive something else (adaptation). We used functional magnetic resonance imaging and modeling to elucidate how the brain entertains these 2 opposing processes, and what determines the direction of such experience-dependent perceptual effects. We found that although affecting our perception concurrently, hysteresis and adaptation map into distinct cortical networks: a widespread network of higher-order visual and fronto-parietal areas was involved in perceptual stabilization, while adaptation was confined to early visual areas. This areal and hierarchical segregation may explain how the brain maintains the balance between exploiting redundancies and staying sensitive to new information. We provide a Bayesian model that accounts for the coexistence of hysteresis and adaptation by separating their causes into 2 distinct terms: Hysteresis alters the prior, whereas adaptation changes the sensory evidence (the likelihood function).

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Metadaten
Author:Caspar Martin SchwiedrzikORCiDGND, Christian C. Ruff, Andreea LazarORCiDGND, Frauke C. Leitner, Wolf SingerORCiDGND, Lucia MelloniORCiD
URN:urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-277870
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhs396
ISSN:1047-3211
ISSN:1460-2199
Pubmed Id:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23236204
Parent Title (English):Cerebral cortex
Publisher:Oxford Univ. Press
Place of publication:Oxford
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Date of Publication (online):2012/12/12
Date of first Publication:2012/12/12
Publishing Institution:Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg
Release Date:2012/12/17
Tag:Bayesian model; adaptation; functional magnetic resonance imaging; hysteresis; perceptual memory
Volume:24
Page Number:13
First Page:1152
Last Page:1164
Note:
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits non-commercial reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
HeBIS-PPN:452461545
Institutes:Medizin / Medizin
Wissenschaftliche Zentren und koordinierte Programme / Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS)
Dewey Decimal Classification:6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
Sammlungen:Universitätspublikationen
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - Namensnennung-Nicht kommerziell 3.0