TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kirschner, Franziska
A1  - Lanzendorf, Martin
T1  - Parking management for promoting sustainable transport in urban neighbourhoods. A review of existing policies and challenges from a German perspective
T2  - Transport reviews
N2  - The organisation of parking is a key challenge to more sustainable mobility in urban areas, as its pricing and availability affect the rates of private car ownership and use. However, changing parking policies is a challenging issue for local politicians and planners because residents frequently oppose changes or restrictions to conditions they have taken for granted such as on-street parking in a public space. The aim of this paper is firstly to assess how the parking policy of an urban neighbourhood can be structured to contribute to more sustainable mobility and to increase liveability in the neighbourhood. The second aim is to apply the policies reviewed to an example neighbourhood. For this purpose, we systematically reviewed academic literature and identified five types of relevant parking policies: (i) maximum parking requirements, (ii) physical detachment of residence and parking space, (iii) residential parking permits and the limitation of available parking space, (iv) performance-based pricing and (v) parking as a demand management strategy. We discovered that most research focuses on econometric models about parking and that studies rarely address the effects of parking on the quality of life in neighbourhoods. Therefore, we need further research regarding the relationship of parking and liveability. We conclude that for the implementation of such parking policies in an example neighbourhood, the municipality needs to develop a mobility vision for its city. It has to understand parking as a tool for transportation demand management to increase the acceptance of parking policy concepts and to avoid spillover problems. Finally, in the German case, as in most other countries, states and municipalities need to redesign their legal frameworks to be able to manage parking supply better and to react to changes related to digital developments and parking. The findings have implications for other European neighbourhoods regarding the transfer from research to local circumstances and applications for the whole city.
KW  - parking policy
KW  - parking management
KW  - residential parking
KW  - Frankfurt
KW  - sustainable mobility
Y1  - 2019
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/66865
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-668658
N1  - This is an Accepted Manuscript version of the following article, accepted for publication in Transport Reviews. Franziska Kirschner & Martin Lanzendorf (2020) Parking management for promoting sustainable transport in urban neighbourhoods. A review of existing policies and challenges from a German perspective, Transport Reviews, 40:1, 54-75, DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2019.1666929.
N1  - This research was funded by the German Ministry of Education and Research for the project “QuartierMobil: Persistence and dynamics within the urban neighbourhood – Strategies for the future of urban mobility” under [grant number 01UR1702A].; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
VL  - 40.2020
ER  -