TY - INPR A1 - Bass, Steffen A. A1 - Belkacem, Mohamed A1 - Bleicher, Marcus A1 - Brandstetter, Mathias A1 - Bravina, Larissa A1 - Ernst, Christoph A1 - Gerland, Lars A1 - Hofmann, Max A1 - Hofmann, Sigurd A1 - Konopka, Jens A1 - Mao, Guangjun A1 - Neise, Ludwig A1 - Soff, Sven A1 - Spieles, Christian A1 - Weber, Henning A1 - Winckelmann, Luke Andreas A1 - Stöcker, Horst A1 - Greiner, Walter A1 - Hartnack, Christoph A1 - Aichelin, Jörg A1 - Amelin, Nikolai T1 - Microscopic models for ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions T2 - Progress in particle and nuclear physics N2 - In this paper, the concepts of microscopic transport theory are introduced and the features and shortcomings of the most commonly used ansatzes are discussed. In particular, the Ultrarelativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (UrQMD) transport model is described in great detail. Based on the same principles as QMD and RQMD, it incorporates a vastly extended collision term with full baryon-antibaryon symmetry, 55 baryon and 32 meson species. Isospin is explicitly treated for all hadrons. The range of applicability stretches from E lab < 100$ MeV/nucleon up to E lab> 200$ GeV/nucleon, allowing for a consistent calculation of excitation functions from the intermediate energy domain up to ultrarelativistic energies. The main physics topics under discussion are stopping, particle production and collective flow. Y1 - 1998 UR - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/4812 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30-6879 SN - 0146-6410 N1 - Preprint, erschienen in: Progress in particle and nuclear physics, 41.1998, S. 255-369, doi:10.1016/S0146-6410(98)00058-1 SP - 1 EP - 129 ER -