Latest documents http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/index/index/ Fri, 24 May 2013 15:28:33 +0200 Fri, 24 May 2013 15:28:33 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/30045 periodicalpart http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/30045 Fri, 24 May 2013 15:28:33 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/29968 Die dritte Nummer der 'Aussiger Beiträge' enthält [...] dreizehn Abhandlungen, die sich unter dem Thema "Sprache, Sprachwissenschaft und Sprachdidaktik in Bewegung" den aktuellen Fragestellungen der germanistischen Linguistik und DaF-Didaktik zuwenden. Das internationale Profi l dieses Bandes zeigt sich nicht nur daran, dass Autor/innen aus sechs Ländern vertreten sind, sondern auch die im Peer-Review-Verfahren beteiligten Gutachter/innen, die zum Gelingen des vorliegenden Heftes beigetragen haben, stammen aus nicht weniger als acht Ländern. periodicalpart http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/29968 Tue, 21 May 2013 12:09:35 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26153 periodicalpart http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26153 Tue, 23 Apr 2013 14:37:09 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26166 Elcio Loureiro Cornelsen review http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26166 Tue, 23 Apr 2013 14:32:38 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26165 Rezension zu Arnold, Heinz Ludwig; Beilein, Matthias (Hg.), Literaturbetrieb in Deutschland. 3., völlig veränderte Auflage. Neufassung. Edition Text + Kritik München, 2009. 440 Seiten. ISBN 978-3-88377-996-6. David-Christopher Assmann review http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26165 Tue, 23 Apr 2013 14:26:42 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26164 A partir de meados da década de 1980, observa-se uma mudança de paradigma na pesquisa sobre tradução: a primazia reservada até então ao texto de partida cede lugar paulatinamente aos fatores que coatuam na recepção do texto traduzido. Tal mudança tem conseqüências para a noção de competência tradutória: dos tradutores iniciantes não se espera apenas que tenham bons conhecimentos das línguas com as quais trabalham, mas também que sejam capazes de, na fase de compreensão do texto a ser traduzido, ativarem outras formas de conhecimento e, na fase de retextualização, traçarem estratégias que lhes possibilitem preencher lacunas adequadas à tarefa de tradução. Este artigo visa a demonstrar que a aplicação sistemática de conceitos da pesquisa lingüística de base contrastiva para o par de línguas alemão-português, bem como de conceitos da lingüística textual, pode contribuir para que os tradutores iniciantes ampliem e aprofundem seus conhecimentos na língua estrangeira, ao mesmo tempo em que são orientados nos primeiros passos da tradução. As considerações teóricas sobre o tema (Parte I) são ilustradas por um exemplo de aplicação (Parte II). Masa Nomura; João Azenha article http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26164 Tue, 23 Apr 2013 14:20:44 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26163 Die letzten Jahre haben für unseren Fremdsprachenunterricht, sowohl an Schulen und Hochschulen als auch an sonstigen Bildungseinrichtungen, Neuorientierungen in vielerlei Hinsicht erbracht. Hauptanstoß für diese neuen Ansätze hat ohne Zweifel der vom Europarat veröffentlichte Gemeinsame europäische Referenzrahmen für Sprachen (GeR) 2001 gegeben, im schulischen Kontext in Deutschland zudem die Entwicklung von Bildungsstandards, so u. a. für Englisch und Französisch als 1. Fremdsprache (s. KULTUSMINISTERKONFERENZ 2004 sowie TESCH et al. 2008). Wie so oft führen Neuorientierungen im Bildungswesen jedoch auch zu Verunsicherungen: Müssen wir jetzt unseren Unterricht, unsere Curricula und unsere Leistungsmessung komplett umgestalten? Welche konkreten Auswirkungen haben diese neuen Ansätze für Lehrkräfte und für Lernende? Der Aufsatz möchte dazu beitragen, ein wenig Klarheit zu schaffen. Was heißt eigentlich Kompetenzorientierung? Welche konkreten Möglichkeiten zur Verbesserung unseres Unterrichts bietet dieser neue Ansatz? Ulrike Arras article http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26163 Tue, 23 Apr 2013 14:13:12 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26162 A cognição pode ser definida como um processo de aquisição de conhecimento que tem como material a informação do meio em que vivemos e o que já está registrado na nossa memória. Este processo envolve percepção, atenção, memória e ação, e nem sempre acontece de forma consciente. Mais do que simplesmente a aquisição de conhecimento, é um processo de conversão de tudo o que é captado pelo aprendiz de acordo com sua identidade e suas experiências. Com base nesse conceito, propõe-se um modelo teórico para o processamento cognitivo relacionado à produção em língua estrangeira, fundamentado em teorias recentes da neurociência sobre memória, aprendizagem e processamento de representações de seqüências freqüentes na língua (chunks) e ilustrado com dados referentes ao alemão como língua estrangeira. Como resultado, nota-se que o conhecimento teórico sobre a língua estrangeira e a capacidade de utilizá-la são habilidades complementares que interagem na aprendizagem da mesma, mas como saberes distintos, e não estágios do mesmo conhecimento determinados pelo tempo de aprendizagem ou armazenamento na memória, como sugerem alguns teóricos da área. Kelly Stanich; Selma Meireles article http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26162 Tue, 23 Apr 2013 14:06:53 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26161 Este artigo apresenta um estudo quantitativo do uso dos modos Konjunktiv e Indikativ no discurso indireto no alemão. Através da análise de um corpus de 400 textos online do gênero notícia de jornal, descrevem-se fatores que influenciam a escolha do modo do discurso indireto. Para a realização deste estudo partiu-se das seguintes hipóteses: a escolha do modo do discurso indireto pode ser influenciada pelo tipo de verbo do discurso citante (sagen/dizer, erklären/explicar), pela posição deste (antes ou depois do discurso citado), pelo tempo verbal do verbo finito do discurso citante, tipo de verbo do discurso citado (regular, irregular, auxiliar), se a oração subordinada é introduzida ou não por conjunção, grau de inserção da oração subordinada e distância entre discurso citante e discurso citado. Andressa Costa article http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26161 Tue, 23 Apr 2013 13:57:06 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26160 Realizamos um estudo da língua de comunicação usada no interior do gênero discursivo "carta familiar" analisando peculiaridades fônicas e morfológicas da linguagem das cartas na época em que foram escritas, bem como da identidade das pessoas envolvidas no processo de interação (autor e receptor da carta). Para este artigo, são analisadas duas cartas escritas por falantes bilíngues de alemão e português, com base em uma reflexão sobre a difusão da cultura germânica no Brasil, tendo em vista serem essas cartas reveladoras desse processo. Luciane Watthier; Terezinha da Conceição Costa Hübes article http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26160 Tue, 23 Apr 2013 13:37:34 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26159 Com base em um corpus de quatro gêneros textuais – entrevistas orais e escritas, artigos jornalísticos e livros de não-ficção – o artigo focaliza o modo como o conceito 'sociedade' é abordado metaforicamente em discursos brasileiros e alemães atuais. Os resultados mostram que certos esquemas imagéticos são mais misturados e dinâmicos no corpus alemão em oposição ao corpus brasileiro, onde a percepção da própria sociedade tende a ser mais estática. Com relação a metáforas conceituais, destacam-se as metáforas negócio, edifício, jogo e observação como mais frequentes no corpus alemão, ao passo que no corpus brasileiro o uso das metáforas personificação, palco, flora, família e guerra é mais frequente. Acrescenta-se também uma microanálise que leva em consideração o contexto e as intenções dos locutores que revelam as funções comunicativas ligadas à preferência de certas metáforas. Ulrike Schröder article http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26159 Tue, 23 Apr 2013 13:22:39 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26158 Um sich in Brasilien auf eine wissenschaftliche Stelle zu bewerben, muss oftmals ein "Memorial Acadêmico" eingereicht werden. Eine Textart, die es so im deutschsprachigen Raum nicht gibt. Eine in funktionaler Hinsicht ähnliche Textart liegt im "Akademischen Lebenslauf" vor. In diesem Artikel sollen anhand eines Korpus von sechs "Memoriais" Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten in Illokution und Proposition dieser beiden Textarten aufgezeigt werden. Kathrin Schweiger article http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26158 Tue, 23 Apr 2013 12:32:57 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26157 Marlen Eckl article http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26157 Tue, 23 Apr 2013 12:19:28 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26156 A origem brasileira de Thomas Mann, por parte de sua mãe, Julia da Silva Bruhns, deu ocasião, na maturidade do escritor, a seu contato com intelectuais brasileiros ou estrangeiros ligados à cena cultural do Brasil. No primeiro grupo, tem-se Gilberto Freyre, Sérgio Buarque de Holanda e Erico Verissimo. Residentes no Brasil, Karl Lustig-Prean, que posteriormente retornará à Europa, e o tradutor Herbert Caro, que se radica em definitivo no Brasil. Também o contato direto ou indireto com pensadores e escritores como Karl Loewenstein, Heinrich Eduard Jacob, Marte Brill e Stefan Zweig colaboraram para a aproximação de Thomas Mann ao universo brasileiro. Estes e outros pontos de contato são descritos no presente artigo, que pretende difundir dados e documentos há muito inacessíveis ou inéditos, no sentido de contribuir com abordagens atualizadas da obra de Thomas Mann e oferecer à pesquisa especializada a indicação de dados biográficos e documentais relacionados ao escritor, no que concerne à sua relação com o Brasil. Sibele Paulino; Paulo Soethe article http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26156 Tue, 23 Apr 2013 12:09:46 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/29339 In early January 1994 wildfires burned areas of bushland in northern Sydney (lat 33° 45’ S, long 151° 05’ E) in coastal south-eastern Australia. This paper reports observations of the fire responses for 828 species of bushland plants – 576 native species and 252 exotic species in the Lane Cove River and Narrabeen Lagoon catchment areas. Information recorded includes whether a species was killed by fire or resprouted post-fire, when seedlings were first observed following fire, and the times of first flowering and first fruiting (or spore production) after the fires. The estimated peaks of post-fire flowering or fruiting for a few species are given. It was not practicable to record data in all categories for all of the 828 species due to the logistical challenges involved in recording data across a large area of bushland, over a number of years. The data presented add to the growing body of knowledge on plant fire responses and will assist the management and conservation of bushland in the study areas, as well as the broader Sydney region. P. J. Kubiak article http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/29339 Fri, 19 Apr 2013 13:02:45 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/29338 Tasmania has a strong record of successful in situ plant conservation but there will always be a role for the integration of various ex situ measures into a plant conservation program due to pressure by threatening processes on wild populations. This paper replaces a 15 year old strategy for ex situ conservation in Tasmania. Progress in ex situ measures for Tasmanian plants is described and broadly evaluated against the previous strategy. Rare and threatened species are considered to be a high priority group for resources if intensive management is required. Endemic species likely to be adversely impacted by climate change would be a high priority for ex situ conservation. Seed banking to capture as much genetic variation in these species is suggested. Eight ex situ methods are briefly described and their application in Tasmanian instances noted. The Tasmanian Seed Conservation Centre established at the Royal Tasmanian Botanical Gardens is a central part of Tasmanian ex situ conservation efforts for ex situ conservation programs. An ongoing role for this facility is considered fundamental. Stephen Harris; Justine Shaw; Nepelle Crane article http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/29338 Fri, 19 Apr 2013 12:53:01 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/29337 A checklist of vascular plants of the 15 Capricorn-Bunker Islands (CBI) (lat 23° 11’ to 24° 07’S; long 151° 43’ to 152° 43’E) compiled from 2007/08 surveys, recorded 131 vascular plant species including 44 (34%) native and 87 (66%) naturalized species from 55 families and 104 genera. New native records include Hernandia nymphaeifolia and Boerhavia sp. (Bargara L.Pedley 5382). An increase of about 35 exotic species over 23 years was recorded indicating a weed incursion rate of 1.5 species per annum. Cakile edentula (13 islands) and Solanum americanum (12 islands) are the most widespread exotic weeds. The naturalised flora ranged from 5% at Erskine Island (low disturbance) to 68% at Lady Elliot Island (very high disturbance). Achyranthes aspera, Argusia argentea and Pisonia grandis are the only species found on all 15 islands. Six indigenous species are limited to one island: Boerhavia sp. (Bargara L.Pedley 5382), Calophyllum inophyllum, Clerodendrum inerme, Hernandia nymphaeifolia, Stephania japonica and Ximenia americana. Patterns of plant distributions, diversity and origin are discussed. Eleven indigenous species reach their southern limit at the CBI, indicating connectivity with the Indo-Pacific region. PATN analyses using native flora generated two island groups. Tryon, Heron, North West, Masthead, Wilson, Wreck and Erskine Islands are the most closely related islands. Another group of related islands includes North Reef, Lady Musgrave, Fairfax Islands, Hoskyn and One Tree Islands. With the inclusion of the exotic flora, Lady Elliot Island separated into its own distinct group. Greater conservation management efforts are required to control and minimise the introduction of exotic weed species to islands with high human visitation. George N. Batianoff; Gillian C. Naylor; John Olds; V. John Neldner article http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/29337 Fri, 19 Apr 2013 12:45:47 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/29336 A checklist of vascular plants of Coringa-Herald National Nature Reserve (CHNNR) (17º 11’S, 149º 00’ E to 16º 23’S, 150º 30’E and Willis Island (16º 24’S, 149º 58’E) at the northern Coral Sea Islands Territory of Australia compiled during 2006/07 surveys, recorded 30 species including 18 species indigenous to the Coral Sea Islands (60%), 10 exotic species (33%) and two that were planted (7%). Plant life-forms included: 5 species of trees and tall shrubs (17%), 2 species of low shrubs (6.5%), 21 herbs (70%), and 2 vine/creepers (6.5%). Plant dispersal for the 30 species is predominantly by human activities (40%), ocean currents (33%) and seabirds (27%). The garden species and dispersal modes at Willis Island indicate that non-residential casual human visitation at CHNNR has at present had little effect on establishment of exotic weeds. Resilience of leverage flora, floristic diversity and species origins of CHNNR are discussed in relation to its connectivity with the Melanesian region due to the South Equatorial Current operating in the region. Colubrina asiatica was recorded as a new record for oceanic islands in Australian territories. Previously recorded Ximenia americana and Digitaria ctenantha are considered locally extinct. Pattern analyses indicate that cays of similar size and vegetation structure are the most similar in floristic composition. Willis Island flora is relatively dissimilar to the CHNNR cays, due to the influence of anthropogenic activities associated with a staffed weather station. George N. Batianoff; Gillian C. Naylor; Hans A. Dillewaard; V. John Neldner article http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/29336 Fri, 19 Apr 2013 12:35:22 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/29335 Vascular plants present in groundstoreys of variously–managed areas in four cemeteries in central western NSW – two on the Central Western Slopes (Garra and Toogong) and two on the Central Tablelands (Lyndhurst and Carcoar) – were recorded over periods of 6–10 years. It was hypothesised that (a) areas of the cemeteries with a history of nil or low disturbance would represent high quality remnant vegetation (i.e. contain a diversity of native species but few naturalised species), and (b) that clearing of woody vegetation, together with similar management (e.g. regular mowing) would result in homogenisation of the groundstoreys such that many species, native and naturalised, would be common to all sites. 344 species (176 native, 154 naturalised and 14 non–naturalised exotics) were recorded across the four cemeteries. Many native species that were rare in the surrounding agricultural lands were present in the cemeteries (enhancing their value as conservation areas) but no cemetery contained areas of groundstorey that would qualify as ‘pristine’. Across all management areas, the proportions of naturalised species in the native + naturalised floras of the cemeteries ranged from 46 to 55 %. Though never dominant, naturalised species also comprised high proportions (42 to 51 %) of the floras of the least disturbed (nil or infrequently mown) areas within each cemetery. Many (40 %) of the species recorded occurred at only one cemetery. This partly explained why the floras of similarly– managed parts of cemeteries on the Central Western Slopes were, contrary to expectations, markedly different to those on the Central Tablelands. However, within the same botanic subdivision, floras – particularly of naturalised species in regularly mown grasslands – were more similar (‘homogenised’) than those of nil or infrequently mown grasslands. William S. Semple; Madeleine O. Rankin; Ian A. Cole; Terry B. Koen article http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/29335 Fri, 19 Apr 2013 12:26:57 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/29334 Twenty-eight natural populations of Wallaby Grasses, Austrodanthonia species, in central western New South Wales were sampled and species presence related to a suite of environmental characteristics. An average of 12 plants were selectively sampled from each population; most populations consisted of at least four out of five species, Austrodanthonia bipartita, A. caespitosa, A. eriantha, A. fulva and A. setacea. Numerous ecological factors allowed the widespread co-occurrence of these closely-related species. Large-scale rainfall and climatic factors were correlated with species-presence but no universal small-scale site environmental variables were important for all species. The most widespread species was Austrodanthonia caespitosa and environmental variations at a local site scale, depending on exposure to solar radiation, may at least partially overcome regional rainfall and climate influences. Cathy M. Waters; Gavin Melville; Surrey Jacobs article http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/29334 Fri, 19 Apr 2013 12:12:40 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/29333 The floristic composition and extent of Carex-dominated fens in the New South Wales New England Tablelands Bioregion and Barrington Tops area (lat 28° 41’ S–31° 55’ S; long 151° 23’ E–152° 05’ E) together with outliers from the central west (Coonabarabran) are described from 81 full floristic survey sites. These fens contained 234 vascular plant taxa of which 27% were exotic. The fens were dominated by herbaceous vegetation (96% of taxa). Cluster analysis of cover-abundance scores of vascular plant taxa from 81 plots placed within 71 separate Carex fens revealed three alliances: 1) Carex appressa, 2) Scirpus polystachyus – Carex tereticaulis and 3) Carex gaudichaudiana and seven communities: (1) Carex appressa – Stellaria angustifolia Fen (2) Carex appressa Fen (3) Scirpus polystachyus – Carex appressa Fen (4) Carex tereticaulis Fen (5) Carex gaudichaudiana – Isachne globosa Fen (6) Carex sp. Bendemeer – Carex gaudichaudiana Fen (7) Carex gaudichaudiana – Glyceria australis Fen The distribution of alliances showed a pattern of east-west separation. The most easterly alliance shares many features with the Carex gaudichaudiana Alliance of the Monaro Region of southern NSW while the other alliances have no counterparts within the current literature. We estimate that up to 5 000 ha of fen vegetation survive in the New England Bioregion of which 90% is on grazed land and only 0.2% is within conservation reserves. Seven outstanding examples of fens remain; most are examples of Community 5, with one representing Community 6 and none representing the other five communities. Many of these are not secured, and none of those within reserves are in their ‘natural’ state. We therefore strongly encourage measures to allow closure of drains, the opening of dams, and the rehabilitation of important fens such as Bishops, Racecourse and New Country Swamps. John T. Hunter; Dorothy Bell article http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/29333 Fri, 19 Apr 2013 12:04:37 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26155 In diesem Aufsatz werden der medizinische und literarische Diskurs bei Büchner miteinander verglichen. Vor allem in seiner Zürcher "Probevorlesung über Schädelnerven" und in seinem "Woyzeck", welche im letzten Lebensjahr Büchners entstehen, scheinen die Begriffe von Subjektivität und Objektivität – in Lenzscher Anlehnung – "auf dem Kopf [zu] gehn". In seiner medizinischen Vorlesung beweist der Privatdozent Büchner, dass es den freien Willen gibt, während er in seinem Woyzeck, insbesondere in der Doktorszene, die Unterdrückung des Protagonisten eindrücklich in Szene setzt. Dieser Aufsatz zeigt somit auf, dass eine kritische Reflexion über die Abhängigkeit und den freien Willen des "Subjekts der Geschichte" auf der Folie der politischen Sensibilisierung in Umbruchzeiten wie im Vormärz möglich wird. Boris Previsic Mongelli article http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26155 Wed, 17 Apr 2013 14:53:56 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26154 Das Thema stellt sich nicht nur im Blick auf die vom Medium Stummfilm geforderten Zwischentitel, sondern auch im weiteren Sinne. Seine Spannbreite reicht von den sogenannten 'Inserts', konkreten in der Filmhandlung auftauchenden schriftlichen Dokumenten, bis hin zu literarischen Referenzen und Motivkonstellationen. All dies zeigt, dass das frühe Kino als das 'neuere' Medium fortwährend auf das 'ältere', die Schriftkultur, Bezug nimmt, es zitiert und auratisiert, sich ebenso von ihm absetzt wie von ihm herleitet. Ulrich Johannes Beil article http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26154 Wed, 17 Apr 2013 14:45:56 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26143 periodicalpart http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26143 Wed, 17 Apr 2013 13:48:08 +0200 http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26152 Eloá Heise review http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/26152 Wed, 17 Apr 2013 13:45:19 +0200