OPUS 4 | Search

Viscous fluid dynamical calculation of the reaction 12C(85 MeV/nucleon) + 197Au (1983)

Gerd Buchwald Gerhard Graebner J. Theis Joachim A. Maruhn Walter Greiner Horst Stöcker

Proton spectra have been calculated for the reaction 12C(85 MeV/nucleon) + 197Au using a three-dimensional hydrodynamical model with viscosity and thermal conductivity and final thermal breakup. The theoretical results are compared to recent data. It is shown that the predicted flow effects are not observable as a result of the impact parameter averaging inherent in the inclusive proton spectra. In contrast, angular distributions of medium mass nuclei (A>3) in nearly central collisions can provide signatures for flow effects.

Viscosity and the equation of state in high energy heavy-ion reactions (1993)

Wolfram Schmidt U. Katscher Bèla M. Waldhauser Joachim A. Maruhn Horst Stöcker Walter Greiner

Viscous hydrodynamic calculations of high energy heavy-ion collisions (Nb-Nb and Au-Au) from 200 to 800 MeV/nucleon are presented. The resulting baryon rapidity distributions, the in-plane transverse momentum transfer (bounce-off), and the azimuthal dependence of the midrapidity particles (off-plane squeeze out) compare well with Plastic Ball data. We find that the considered observables are sensitive both to the nuclear equation of state and to the nuclear shear viscosity η. Transverse momentum distributions indicate a high shear viscosity (η≊60 MeV/fm2 c) in the compression zone, in agreement with nuclear matter estimates. The bulk viscosity ζ influences only the entropy production during the expansion stage; collective observables like flow and dN/dY do not depend strongly on ζ. The recently observed off-plane (φ=90°) squeeze-out, which is found in the triple-differential rapidity distribution, exhibits the strongest sensitivity to the nuclear equation of state. It is demonstrated that for very central collisions, b=1 fm, the squeeze-out is visible even in the double-differential cross section. This is experimentally accessible by studying azimuthally symmetric events, as confirmed recently by data of the European 4π detector collaboration at Gesellchaft für Schwerionforschung Darmstadt.

Variable masses in fission and heavy-ion collisions (1972)

Peter Lichtner Dieter Drechsel Joachim A. Maruhn Walter Greiner

With the use of the cranking formula, the coordinate-dependent mass parameters of the kinetic-energy operator in fission processes and heavy-ion collisions are calculated in the two-center oscillator model. It is shown that the reduced mass and also the classical moment of inertia are obtained for large separations of the fragments. For small separations, however, the mass parameter for the motion of the centers of mass of the fragments is larger than the reduced mass by an order of magnitude.

Van der Waals excluded volume model for Lorentz contracted rigid spheres (2000)

Kyrill A. Bugaev Mark I. Gorenstein Horst Stöcker Walter Greiner

Conventional cluster and virial expansions are generalized to momentum dependent interparticle potentials. The model with Lorentz contracted hard core potentials is considered, e.g. as hadron gas model. A Van der Waals-type model with a temperature dependent excluded volume is derived. Lorentz contraction effects at given temperature are stronger for light particles and make their effective excluded volume smaller than that of heavy ones.

Vacuum-polarization contribution to the hyperfine-structure splitting of hydrogenlike atoms (1994)

Stefan M. Schneider Walter Greiner Gerhard Soff

A calculation of the vacuum-polarization contribution to the hyperfine splitting for hydrogenlike atoms is presented. The extended nuclear charge distribution is taken into account. For the experimentally interesting case 209Bi82+ we predict a delta-lambda- -1.6 nm shift for the transition wavelength of the ground-state hyperfine splitting.

Unusual bound states of quark matter within the NJL model (2000)

Igor N. Mishustin Leonid M. Satarov Horst Stöcker Walter Greiner

Properties of dense quark matter in and out of chemical equilibrium are studied within the SU(3) Nambu Jona-Lasinio model. In addition to the 4 fermion scalar and vector terms the model includes also the 6 fermion flavour mixing interaction. First we study a novel form of deconfined matter, meso-matter, which is composed of equal number of quarks and antiquarks. It can be thought of as a strongly compressed meson gas where mesons are melted into their elementary constituents, quarks and antiquarks. Strongly bound states in this quark antiquark matter are predicted for all flavour combinations of qq pairs. The maximum binding energy reaches up to 180 MeV per qq pair for mixtures with about 70% of strange (s¯s) pairs. Equilibrated baryon rich quark matter with various flavour compositions is also studied. In this case only shallow bound states appear in systems with a significant admixture(about 40%) of strange quarks (strangelets). Their binding energies are quite sensitive to the relative strengths of scalar and vector interactions. The common property of all these bound states is that they appear at high particle densities when the chiral symmetry is nearly restored. Thermal properties of meso-matter as well as chemically equilibrated strange quark matter are also investigated. Possible decay modes of these bound states are discussed.

Two-dimensional nuclear inertia : analytical relationships (1995)

Radu A. Gherghescu Walter Greiner Dorin N. Poenaru

The components of the nuclear inertia tensor, functions of the separation distance R and of the radius of the light fragment R2, BRR(R,R2), BRR2(R,R2), and BR2R2(R,R2) are calculated within the Werner-Wheeler approximation, by using the parametrization of two intersected symmetric or asymmetric spheres. Analytical relationships are derived. When projected to a path R2=R2(R), the reduced mass is obtained at the touching point. The two one-dimensional parametrizations with R2=const, and the volume V2=const previously studied, are found to be particular cases of the present more general approach. Illustrations for the cold fission, cluster radioactivity, and α decay of 252Cf are given.

Transport calculation of dilepton production at ultrarelativistic energies (1999)

Christoph Ernst Steffen A. Bass Sven Soff Horst Stöcker Walter Greiner

Dilepton spectra are calculated within the microscopic transport model UrQMD and compared to data from the CERES experiment. The invariant mass spectra in the region between 300 MeV and 600 MeV depend strongly on the mass dependence of the rho meson decay width which is not sufficiently determined by the Vector Meson Dominance model. A consistent explanation of both the recent Pb+Au data and the proton induced data can be given without additional medium effects.

Transition to resonance-rich matter in heavy ion collisions at RHIC energies (2000)

Larissa V. Bravina Eugene E. Zabrodin Marcus Bleicher Steffen A. Bass Mathias Brandstetter Amand Faessler Christian Fuchs Walter Greiner Mark I. Gorenstein Sven Soff Horst Stöcker

The equilibration of hot and dense nuclear matter produced in the central region in central Au+Au collisions at square root s = 200A GeV is studied within the microscopic transport model UrQMD. The pressure here becomes isotropic at t approx 5 fm/c. Within the next 15 fm/c the expansion of the matter proceeds almost isentropically with the entropy per baryon ratio S/A approx 150. During this period the equation of state in the (P, epsilon)-plane has a very simple form, P = 0.15 epsilon. Comparison with the statistical model (SM) of an ideal hadron gas reveals that the time of approx 20 fm/c may be too short to attain the fully equilibrated state. Particularly, the fractions of resonances are overpopulated in contrast to the SM values. The creation of such a long-lived resonance-rich state slows down the relaxation to chemical equilibrium and can be detected experimentally.

Transition to delta matter from hot, dense nuclear matter within a relativistic mean field formulation of the nonlinear sigma and omega model (1997)

Zhuxia Li Guangjun Mao Yizhong Zhuo Walter Greiner

An investigation of the transition to delta matter is performed based on a relativistic mean field formulation of the nonlinear sigma and omega model. We demonstrate that in addition to the Delta-meson coupling, the occurrence of the baryon resonance isomer also depends on the nucleon-meson coupling. Our results show that for the favored phenomenological value of m* and K, the Delta isomer exists at baryon density ~ 2–3 p0 if beta=1.31 is adopted. For universal coupling of the nucleon and Delta, the Delta density at baryon density ~ 2–3 p0 and temperature ~ 0.4–0.5 fm-1 is about normal nuclear matter density, which is in accord with a recent experimental finding.

Refine

Author

Year of publication

Document Type

Language

Keywords

Institute

341 search hits