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L’introduction de cet ouvrage rappelle que l’un des critères plus ou moins explicites de différenciation entre la modernité et ce qui la précède et entre la démocratie et les formes traditionnelles d’exercice du pouvoir est précisément la place tenue par les rites, cérémonies et autres gestes significatifs par eux-mêmes. La cérémonie serait par essence plutôt surannée, vue d’une manière péjorative. Le Centre d’études médiévales de Berne (Berner Mittelalter Zentrum/BMZ) a rassemblé plusieurs chercheurs, dans les années 2005–2006, autour de ce thème. Les organisateurs présentent en introduction une riche problématique dans laquelle ils rappellent tout ce qu’ils doivent spécialement à Gerd Althoff et à Jean-Claude Schmitt. On signalera en particulier l’attention portée à l’histoire de l’art et à l’histoire religieuse dans un souci de cohérence globale. Les contributions viennent de spécialistes de différents domaines et sont regroupées sous différentes sections: »Méthodologie«, »Liturgie«, »Droit«, »Politique« et, enfin, une réflexion conclusive à partir de données linguistiques. ...
The dramatic sociopolitical crisis which befell Côte d'Ivoire in September 2002 gave birth to an unprecedented political zeal. Immigration, the other, ethno-nationalism, nationalism, patriotism, civil war, youth at risk - such are the words that describe the Côte d'Ivoire' situation. Attempts to explain the 'crisis' in this country, known in recent past as 'relatively peaceful', mainly happen through media 'sensationalism'. This translates at the same time the almost complete control of the scoop media which renders the understanding of the situation only possible through such outlets. The ability of media professionals to coin words through which social history is reflected upon has the effect of complicating the task of social and human sciences while also appearing as stimulating at the same time. Understanding complex situations is now a crossroad of confusion between the simple and the simplified. The challenge for social and human sciences is, therefore, to resume its rightful place by presenting social and political realities in their complexity. Contributions in this book attempt to rid simple words of their excessive simplification to enable an understanding of social and political ills as well as the sense of history. This book is to be taken as a look from within. The challenge here is to take a step back and disconnect the real from the surprising which prevents a deep analysis of realities emanating from a historical process that is relatively long. At the heart of that process resides the paradoxical re-invention of the self through violence, though in the name of democracy. The 2010 post-electoral crisis and the intensity of the violence which characterized it are once again a demonstration of the relevance of the violence-democracy paradox and the on-going exercise of objectivity.
Arachnides N°60 (2011)
(2011)
Bruchia vogesiaca Schwägr. est une mousse présente dans 12 départements en France bien que non revue récemment dans 4 d'entre eux. Une douzaine de nouvelles localités du Massif central et des Vosges sont présentées dans la présente contribution. L'écologie de l'espèce est examinée sous l'angle des biotopes d'accueil. La stratégie du cortège d'espèces liées à Bruchia vogesiaca permet de mieux cerner la dynamique de l'espèce. Des préconisations de mesures de gestion sont énoncées sur ces nouvelles bases.
Rhynchostegium rotundifolium (Scop. ex Brid.) Schimp. a été récolté (herbier AU N° 8878) le 21/5/2011 à La Rolle, Forêt Domaniale de Guebwiller, parcelle 64, Lautenbachzell, Haut-Rhin, à une altitude de 825 m (Coord. Lambert 2 étendu : x = 954 632; y = 2 335 811). Le petit tapis formé par cette pleurocarpe à ramifications entrelacées s’étendait sur 30 cm² sur un bloc de grauwacke affleurant le sol à l’ombre d’une mégaphorbiée nitratophile (Chenopodium bonus-henricus L., Rumex obtusifolius L., Urtica dioica L. etc.).
Bi Tirga
(2011)
Leonard Bi Tirga, son of a poor peasant, is a studious pupil. Due to shortage of finances, he has to leave school to make ends meet and pursue his studies. Leonard becomes a sweatshop labourer. As a young labourer, his life like that of his peers is hard. The pay rate is low and the work is hard. With his friends, they engage in trade union activism. A series of complicated and trying events reinforces their conviction to militate. Thus, Leonard and his friend Camille become Union leaders. Leonard's character trait and uprightness explains the book title, Bi Tirga. In the Moore language, this means a well educated, honest, hardworking, courageous and well-behaved youth.
Ousmane Semb ne started writing by 1952. The Black Docker, his first novel inspired by the Marseille experience was published in 1956 by Debresse. In 1957, Amiot Dumont published O Pays, mon beau Peuple, a caustic critic of the colonial plight. This second inaugural piece, clearly autobiographical and sentimental is followed up by a vast knowledge of the strike of the Dakar-Niger railway workers: God s Bits of Wood published in 1960 by Livre Contemporain. In 1961, Pr sence Africaine pulished his collection of short stories, Volta que, in 1964 the first volume of l Harmattan which is a replay of the 28th September 1958 referendum in black Africa and in 1966 Vehi-Ciosane followed by The Money Order. To this date with six published novels and a renown Cinematographer, Ousmane Semb ne with the help of his sharp pen and his critical and observant look decides to examine the fate that the new bourgeoisie and the administrative bureaucracy mete on the downtrodden of this ignominious beauty, Dakar, the Capital of an African nation in the wake of independence. Thanks to a money order that Ibrahima Dieng wants to cash, the film maker/writer takes this character through the urban administrative labyrinth, through neighbourly disputes and through family life in the neighbourhood, highlighting and pointing in passing the crossings, abuses, vices and vicissitudes which make up this segment of life, in every aspect, exemplary. The story unfolds with the arrival of a postman carrying a letter and a problematic money order; it ends on the image of the postman handing a letter to Dieng, when a woman carrying a baby on her back comes in and interrupts them to expose the origins of her misfortunes, asking for help.
Through her Letters written to Friends, to her opponents: priests, magistrates, politicians, including the king, Elizabeth Hooton leaves a captivating testimony of her fights for and of her activism in quest of the Truth, Freedom, Justice and equity for all as well as peace on earth and within the Quaker movement. Hers was a fight and quest far from any guided by egoism pure and simple or by personal interest. She was driven by her interest in the common good of all and everywhere. In History of civilizations we have actors who fade away unnoticed or at times are just ignored whereas their contributions to the said civilizations as small as they might be have contributed tremendously in shaping without doubt the same civilizations. Elizabeth Hooton falls within this category of people whose contribution to contemporary English civilization and above all to the feminist movement can be read between the lines of the fragments of these letters; she wrote to her Friends and to the political leaders of England during an era of great changes which radically transformed the English society i.e. 17th Century England. She expresses herself in very caustic terms as a way of affirming the rights to equality of the oppressed woman and other marginals of the society of her time. She anchors her fight on the axis of a universal and Universalist quest for equality, a Quaker ideal.