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The current article presents the various functions which are allotted to the foreign language learning in the broader context of the globalization, not only regarding the economical international exchanges, but also from the perspective of the development of personality and of the capacity of understanding different cultures and mentalities – which can play an essential role in the good understanding and peaceful living among the people. Based on these considerations, suggestions are made, regarding the necessity of a reevaluation of the place which the foreign languages teaching is recognized in the curriculum of the various branches of study.
German language in Romania is being strongly influenced by Romanian, the majority language. In the field of secondary and higher education linguistic interferences that come from Romanian touch types or names of educational institutions, types of didactic activities, types of assessment and examination.
Ever since their settlement in the Maramureș at the end of the 18th century, the Zipser Germans have been living in close relation to the other linguistic groups (Romanians, Hungarians, Ruthenians, Jews, and Roma/Sinti) in Viºeu de Sus. Thus a multi-/intercultural and multilingual society has emerged under all social, economic and cultural aspects of life. These intercultural interactions can be observed especially on the level of the language. This article tries to identify and analyse some borrowings from Romanian and Hungarian into the Zipser German dialect from the lexical, semantic and syntactic perspective of transference.
The paper aims at presenting the Boer Wars (1881–1882 and 1899–1902) as they are reflected in „Siebenbürgisch-Deutsches Tageblatt”, the most important daily newspaper of the Transylvanian Saxons. From the beginning of the second conflict, the Saxons felt great sympathy for the Boers, because they considered them relatives due to their Germanic roots. They also drew a parallel between the Boers’ fight for independence and their own fight against the attempt of forced Hungarization by the authorities from Budapest. In the newspaper there were published not only articles about the armed conflicts but also contributions on the way of life and the habits of the Boers. A novel on the topic of the “Jameson Raid” which took place on New Year’s Eve 1895/1896 was also published. During the “Second Boer War” the Saxons created “Associations of Boer Friends” aimed to help their “brothers” from South Africa who lived in great misery.
This article focuses on the phenomenon of interculturality within the framework of “Poveştile Peleşului”/”Tales of the Pelesh” by Carmen Sylva, the Poet-Queen. Being of German origin and having studied in Germany, but transposed as queen of the Romanian people to a totally different cultural space, Carmen Sylva wants to present the culture of her adoptive country to her home country. She succeeds in doing this through her own works or by translating some Romanian literary works into German, which she propagates in the German language space. Starting from a theoretical basis referring to interculturality, this article refers to the hybrid character of “Poveştile Peleşului”/”Tales of the Pelesh”, to some aspects of presenting alterity, concluding that the author is extremely interested in the culture of the Romanian people, whose language she learned, her ultimate scope being that of bringing the two cultures – the German and the Romanian culture – closer to one another.
Margarethe Sindel-Alberti is a rather unknown 20th century writer from Transilvania. Being a member of the German minority it is very unusual for her to write a story about Romanian protagonists. Also unusual is the fact that she writes about a kind of secret initiation of a young girl who is guided by her grandmother how to deal with sexuality. Our analysis makes a referance to the psychoanalytic interpretation of the tale “Little Red Hood” as we find it in the works of Siegmund Freud and to the interpretation as an initiation tale as it is considered by Vladimir Propp. Margarethe Sindel is considered to be outstanding for her geographical space and time writing about a feminist subject and a different culture than her own.
Die hier vorgelegten Briefe erstrecken sich über einen Zeitraum von rund sieben Jahren. Sie beginnen im August 1917, zu dem Zeitpunkt, als die Briefpartner sich während des Aufenthaltes Rilkes auf Gut Böckel kennenlernten. Ende Dezember 1924 reißt der Briefwechsel ab. Gründe dafür lassen sich nicht erkennen. Rilkes Krankheit, sein langer Paris-Aufenthalt 1925, der durch den Umzug der Ledeburs weggefallene Bezug zu Obernfelde mögen eine Rolle gespielt haben. Leider sind die Gegenbriefe nicht erhalten. Rilkes Briefe befanden sich bis Ende des vorigen Jahrhunderts im Privatbesitz der Familie in Österreich, über einen Oxforder Antiquar gelangten sie in den Auktionshandel und wurden vom Deutschen Literaturarchiv Marbach erworben.
Im Ganzen gesehen verfügen Rilkes verstreute Widmungsgedichte nicht über eine defizitäre, sondern über eine andere Poetik als die in Gedichtsammlungen veröffentlichten, aber auch als die verstreuten nicht-gewidmeten Texte. Gründe genug also, im Folgenden einmal genauer nach einer Typologie und der Poetik von Rilkes verstreuten Widmungsgedichten zu fragen - zumal sich die Rilke-Forschung bisher weder mit diesen noch mit anderen Widmungen näher beschäftigt hat.