Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (29)
- Conference Proceeding (5)
Has Fulltext
- yes (34)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (34)
Keywords
- DMEK (5)
- Amblyopia (3)
- Dose response (3)
- Eccentric fixation (3)
- Efficiency (3)
- Occlusion treatment (3)
- Fuchs endothelial dystrophy (2)
- Scheimpflug imaging (2)
- Visual quality (2)
- corneal edema (2)
Institute
Hintergrund: Die Unterschidung von Augen mit frühem Keratokonus (KC) von normalen Augen bereitet nach wie vor Schwierigkeiten. Die vorliegende Untersuchung vergleicht konventionelle keratometrie-basierte mit wellenfront-basierten Maßzahlen hinsichtlich ihrer Eignung, normale Augen von Augen mit sehr frühem Keratokonus zu unterscheiden.
Methoden: Es wurden 17 Augen von 17 Patienten mit frühem KC eingeschlossen. Bei diesen 17 Augen handelt es sich um klinisch unauffällige Partneraugen des stärker betroffenen Auges. 123 Normalaugen von 69 Patienten dienten als Negativkontrolle. Von den axialen Kurvaturdaten wurden folgende Maßzahlen berechnet: zentrale Keratometrie (cK), Astigmatismus (AST), inferior-superiore Brechwertdifferenz (I-S), Verkippung der radialen Achsen (SRAX), KISA% index (eine Maßzahl, die auf cK, AST, I-S und SRAX basiert) und corneale Zernike-Koeffizienten (1.–7. Ordnung, Pupillendurchmesser: 6 mm). Aus Zernike-Koeffizienten wurden Diskriminanzfunktionen konstruiert. Receiver-Operatiing-Charakteristik (ROC)-Kurven wurden erstellt, um die diagnostische Trennschärfe dieser Werte zur Unterscheidung von klinisch unauffälligen Partneraugen von Augen mit frühem Keratokonus und normalen Kontrollen zu evaluieren.
Ergebnisse: Der I-S-Wert (Korrektheit 92,1%, kritischer Wert 0,59 D) und die vertikale Coma (C3-1; 96,7%, –0,2 µm) waren die beiden Einzelwerte mit höchster Trennschärfe. Mit den ursprünglich publizierten kritischen Werten lag der Rabinowitz-McDonnell test (cK und I-S) bei 83,3% (Sensitivität 0%, Spezifität 100%) und der KISA% bei 70,8% (81,3%, 60,3%). In Verbindung mit Diskriminanzanalyse errichten Zernike-Koeffizienten eine Korrektheit von 96,7% (100%, 93,4%).
Schlussfolgerungen: Auf cornealen Zernike-Koeffizienten basierende Maßzahlen erreichte die höchste Trennschärfe bei der Unterscheidung von Augen mit subklinischem KC von Normalaugen. Dennoch konnten konventionelle KC-indices eine ähnlich hohe Trenschärfe wie die Zernike-Methode erreichen, wenn die kritischen Werte entsprechend angepasst werden.
Purpose: There are little or no published data comparing the outcomes of ILUVIEN® (0.19 mg fluocinolone acetonide [FAc]) and OZURDEX® (0.7 mg dexamethasone [DEX]) implants in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME), and this case sought to compare their outcomes.
Methods: This case was extracted from a monocentric audit involving a pool of 25 patients (33 eyes) with DME and treated with a single FAc implant between October 2013 and December 2016. This case, a 61-year-old male with a pseudophakic lens, is from a patient that had received 4 intravitreal injections of a DEX implant prior to FAc implant and then was monitored for 3 years until re-treatment with a second FAc implant. Parameters measured included visual acuity (VA), central retinal thickness (CRT), and intraocular pressure (IOP).
Results: After the DEX implants, CRT transiently improved. In March 2014, the decision was taken to administer an FAc implant, and this led to a reduction in CRT below 300 µm (from a baseline of 748 µm), and this was sustained for 30 months. VA remained above 65 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters to month 36, after which time a second FAc implant (in April 2017) was administered due to recurrence of edema and CRT decreased to below 300 µm and VA improved to 70 letters. Side effects included elevated IOP, which was effectively managed with IOP-lowering drops.
Conclusion: A single injection of FAc implant led to sustained improvements in CRT and VA that lasted for between 30 and 36 months, which is in contrast to the DEX implant where re-treatment was generally required within 6–7 months. After 36 months, re-treatment with the FAc implant again led to improved VA and CRT, and responses that were similar to those achieved with the first FAc implant.
There is limited knowledge on the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in dialysis patients. We have investigated the association between diabetes mellitus and lipid-related biomarkers and retinopathy in hemodialysis patients. We reviewed 1,255 hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who participated in the German Diabetes and Dialysis Study (4D Study). Associations between categorical clinical, biochemical variables and diabetic retinopathy were examined by logistic regression. On average, patients were 66 ± 8 years of age, 54% were male and the HbA1c was 6.7% ± 1.3%. DR, found in 71% of the patients, was significantly and positively associated with fasting glucose, HbA1c, time on dialysis, age, systolic blood pressure, body mass index and the prevalence of other microvascular diseases (e.g. neuropathy). Unexpectedly, DR was associated with high HDL cholesterol and high apolipoproteins AI and AII. Patients with coronary artery disease were less likely to have DR. DR was not associated with gender, smoking, diastolic blood pressure, VLDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol. In summary, the prevalence of DR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus requiring hemodialysis is higher than in patients suffering from T2DM, who do not receive hemodialysis. DR was positively related to systolic blood pressure (BP), glucometabolic control, and, paradoxically, HDL cholesterol. This data suggests that glucose and blood pressure control may delay the development of DR in patients with diabetes mellitus on dialysis.
Purpose: To analyze refractive and topographic changes secondary to Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) in pseudophakic eyes with Fuchs’ endothelial dystrophy (FED). Methods: Eighty-seven pseudophakic eyes of 74 patients who underwent subsequent DMEK surgery for corneal endothelial decompensation and associated visual impairment were included. Median post-operative follow-up time was 12 months (range: 3–26 months). Main outcome measures were pre- and post-operative manifest refraction, anterior and posterior corneal astigmatism, simulated keratometry (CASimK) and Q value obtained by Scheimpflug imaging. Secondary outcome measures included corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), central corneal densitometry, central corneal thickness, corneal volume (CV), anterior chamber volume (ACV) and anterior chamber depth (ACD). Results: After DMEK surgery, mean pre-operative spherical equivalent (± SD) changed from + 0.04 ± 1.73 D to + 0.37 ± 1.30 D post-operatively (p = 0.06). CDVA, proportion of emmetropic eyes, ACV and ACD increased significantly during follow-up. There was also a significant decrease in posterior corneal astigmatism, central corneal densitometry, central corneal thickness and corneal volume over time (p = 0.001). Only anterior corneal astigmatism and simulated keratometry (CASimK) remained fairly stable after DMEK. Conclusion: Despite tendencies toward a hyperopic shift, changes in SE were not significant and refraction remained overall stable in pseudophakic patients undergoing DMEK for FED. Analysis of corneal parameters by Scheimpflug imaging mainly revealed changes in posterior corneal astigmatism pointing out the relevance of posterior corneal profile changes during edema resolution after DMEK.
Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and safety of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) for corneal decompensation following primary Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK).
Methods: This was a retrospective case series of 15 patients that underwent DMEK surgery for corneal decompensation after failed DSAEK. Main outcome parameter was corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) after DMEK and DSAEK. Secondary outcome measures included central corneal thickness (CCT), endothelial cell density (ECD), rebubbling rate, and primary graft failure after DMEK. Explanted DSAEK grafts were evaluated by light microscopy.
Results: The mean (±SD) time period between DSAEK and DMEK surgery was 15±8 months (range, 6–31 months). Preoperative CDVA was 1.72±0.62 (logMAR). After DMEK, CDVA improved significantly to 0.78±0.48 at 1 month and to 0.23±0.24 after 12 months (P=0.022). Visual acuity data after DMEK were significantly better compared to preoperative values. The average CCT after DMEK decreased significantly from 869±210 µm (preoperative) to 505±45 µm (1 month postoperative) (P<0.001) and remained stable over 12 months. The ECD decreased from 2,589±209/mm2 (preoperative) to 1,691±589/mm2 (12 months postoperative). Rebubbling DMEK was required in three patients (=20%).
Conclusion: DMEK represents a feasible and safe procedure in achieving better functional results compared to DSAEK. Visual acuity and optical quality can be effectively reestablished after unsuccessful primary DSAEK surgery even in patients with long-standing corneal decompensation. Further investigations are required to validate the preliminary clinical findings.
Purpose: Filler injections for aesthetic purposes are very popular, but can have far-reaching and irreversible consequences. This report describes the course of a patient with devastating complications after glabellar hyaluronic acid injection, their pathomechanism, management and outcome.
Observations: A healthy, 43-year-old woman underwent her first hyaluronic acid injection in the glabella and went blind on her left eye immediately thereafter. Massaging of the injection area and observation were performed, before she presented with swelling of the left forehead and upper lid, ptosis, complete ophthalmoplegia and blindness in our hospital. Immediate massaging of the globe and systemic therapy including acetylsalicylic acid, tinzaparin sodium and cortisone was initiated and hyaluronidase injections in the injection area were performed. In the further course, the patient developed necrotic and hemorrhagic skin and mucosal lesions, lagophthalmos, anterior and posterior segment ischemia and globe hypotonia with consecutive globe deformation. In the follow-up of 2.5 months, lid swelling, lagophthalmos and ptosis resolved and keratopathy improved but blindness, skin lesions and strabismus with reduced eye motility were still present and madarosis and early enophthalmos were detected.
Conclusions and Importance: The outcome of ophthalmic artery occlusion after hyaluronic acid filler injection is poor. Sufficient knowledge about facial anatomy, the implementation of filler injections and the management of complications is essential for the practitioner. The patient should be clarified about potential and even rare risks of these procedures.
Im Rahmen des Vortrags wird zunächst ein Überblick über die aktuell angewandten Linsensysteme in der (refraktiven) Kataraktchirurgie sowie im Rahmen des RLA gesprochen. Hierzu zählen die monofokalen sphärischen Standardlinsen, aber auch asphärische, torische und multifokale Implantate.
Speziell wird auf die Ergebnisse einer Studie zu einem neuen multifokalen-torischen Implantat eingegangen. Der Schwerpunkt des Vortrages liegt dann weiterhin auf den trifokalen Korrektionsmöglichkeiten. Zum einen wird die sog. binokulare Trifokalität, bei der zwei multifokale Intraokularlinsen unterschiedlicher Addition implantiert werden, besprochen. Durch die Anpassung jeweils eines Auges an den Intermediär- bzw. Nahbereich soll so bei verringerten optischen Phänomenen ein deutliches Sehen in drei Hauptdistanzen ermöglicht werden. Weiterhin befasst sich der Vortrag aber auch mit den neuen echten trifokalen Optiksystemen, welche ebenfalls deutliches Sehen in verschiedenen Entfernungen gewährleisten können.
Im dritten Teil des Vortrages werden aktuelle Langzeitergebnisse aus einer FDA Studie zur Evaluation einer kammerwinkelgestützten phaken Intraokularlinse, mit speziellem Augenmerk auf den cornealen Endothelzellverlust, sowie eine neuartige sulcusgestütze phake Intraokularlinse mit zentralem Loch zur Glaukomvermeidung vorgestellt.