Universitätspublikationen
Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (12972)
- Part of Periodical (3424)
- Doctoral Thesis (3168)
- Contribution to a Periodical (2074)
- Book (2049)
- Working Paper (1869)
- Preprint (1297)
- Review (1048)
- Report (910)
- Conference Proceeding (659)
Language
- English (16240)
- German (13457)
- Portuguese (231)
- Spanish (123)
- Italian (65)
- French (64)
- Multiple languages (58)
- Turkish (12)
- Ukrainian (10)
- slo (7)
Has Fulltext
- yes (30289) (remove)
Keywords
- Deutschland (132)
- COVID-19 (93)
- inflammation (91)
- Financial Institutions (90)
- ECB (67)
- Capital Markets Union (64)
- SARS-CoV-2 (63)
- Financial Markets (61)
- Adorno (58)
- Banking Union (50)
Institute
- Medizin (6241)
- Präsidium (4968)
- Physik (3056)
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften (2234)
- Gesellschaftswissenschaften (2005)
- Biowissenschaften (1675)
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS) (1454)
- Biochemie und Chemie (1370)
- Sustainable Architecture for Finance in Europe (SAFE) (1368)
- Informatik (1350)
Background: Point of care devices for performing targeted coagulation substitution in patients who are bleeding have become increasingly important in recent years. New on the market is the Quantra. It is a device that uses sonorheometry, a sonic estimation of elasticity via resonance, which is a novel ultrasound-based technology that measures viscoelastic properties of whole blood. Several studies have already shown the comparability of the Quantra with devices already established on the market, such as the rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) device.
Objective: In contrast to existing studies, this study is the first prospective interventional study using this new system in a cardiac surgical patient cohort. We will investigate the noninferiority between an already existing coagulation algorithm based on the ROTEM/Multiplate system and a new algorithm based on the Quantra system for the treatment of coagulopathic cardiac surgical patients.
Methods: The study is divided into two phases. In an initial observation phase, whole blood samples of 20 patients obtained at three defined time points (prior to surgery, after completion of cardiopulmonary bypass, and on arrival in the intensive care unit) will be analyzed using both the ROTEM/Multiplate and Quantra systems. The obtained threshold values will be used to develop a novel algorithm for hemotherapy. In a second intervention phase, the new algorithm will be tested for noninferiority against an algorithm used routinely for years in our department.
Results: The main objective of the examination is the cumulative loss of blood within 24 hours after surgery. Statistical calculations based on the literature and in-house data suggest that the new algorithm is not inferior if the difference in cumulative blood loss is <150 mL/24 hours.
Conclusions: Because of the comparability of the Quantra sonorheometry system with the ROTEM measurement methods, the existing hemotherapy treatment algorithm can be adapted to the Quantra device with proof of noninferiority.
Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03902275; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03902275
International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/17206
The present paper aims at providing empirical evidence for dialectal variation concerning the perception of the central vowel [ɐ] in European Portuguese (EP). More concretely, this study compares the perception of the contrast between [a] and [ɐ] by native speakers of two varieties of EP: 23 speakers of a northern Portuguese dialect (from the city of Braga) and 23 speakers of the Littoral Center variety of EP (from the city of Lisbon, defined as Standard European Portuguese (SEP)). Based on a discrimination test, the results show that the two groups of speakers differ with respect to the perception of the contrast between the two central vowels under investigation. The speakers of the northern variety differentiate less between the two central vowels compared to the speakers from Lisbon.
Background: Computerized virtual patients (VP) have spread into many areas of healthcare delivery and medical education. They provide various advantages like flexibility in pace and space of learning, a high degree of teaching reproducibility and a cost effectiveness. However, the educational benefit of VP as an additive or also as an alternative to traditional teaching formats remains unclear. Moreover, there are no randomized-controlled studies that investigated the use of VP in a dental curriculum. Therefore, this study investigates VP as an alternative to lecturer-led small-group teaching in a curricular, randomized and controlled setting.
Methods: Randomized and controlled cohort study. Four VP cases were created according to previously published design principles and compared with lecturer-led small group teaching (SGT) within the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery clerkship for dental students at the Department for Cranio-, Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany. Clinical competence was measured prior (T0), directly (T1) and 6 weeks (T2) after the intervention using theoretical tests and a self-assessment questionnaire. Furthermore, VP design was evaluated using a validated toolkit.
Results: Fifty-seven students (VP = 32; SGT = 25) agreed to participate in the study. No competence differences were found at T0 (p = 0.56). The VP group outperformed (p < .0001) the SGT group at T1. At T2 there was no difference between both groups (p = 0.55). Both interventions led to a significant growth in self-assessed competence. The VP group felt better prepared to diagnose and treat real patients and regarded VP cases as a rewarding learning experience.
Conclusions: VP cases are an effective alternative to lecture-led SGT in terms of learning efficacy in the short and long-term as well as self-assessed competence growth and student satisfaction. Furthermore, integrating VP cases within a curricular Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clerkship is feasible and leads to substantial growth of clinical competence in undergraduate dental students.
Rationale: Early reperfusion in patients experiencing acute ischemic stroke is critical, especially for patients with large vessel occlusion who have poor prognosis without revascularization. S olitaire™ stent retriever devices have been shown to immediately restore vascular perfusion safely, rapidly, and effectively in acute ischemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusions.
Aim: The aim of the study was to demonstrate that, among patients with large vessel, anterior circulation occlusion who have received intravenous tissue plasminogen activator, treatment with S olitaire revascularization devices reduces degree of disability 3 months post stroke.
Design: The study is a global multicenter, two‐arm, prospective, randomized, open, blinded end‐point trial comparing functional outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients who are treated with either intravenous tissue plasminogen activator alone or intravenous tissue plasminogen activator in combination with the Solitaire device. Up to 833 patients will be enrolled.
Procedures:Patients who have received intravenous tissue plasminogen activator are randomized to either continue with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator alone or additionally proceed to neurothrombectomy using the S olitaire device within six‐hours of symptom onset.
Study Outcomes: The primary end‐point is 90‐day global disability, assessed with the modified R ankin S cale (mRS). Secondary outcomes include mortality at 90 days, functional independence (mRS ≤ 2) at 90 days, change in N ational I nstitutes of H ealth S troke S cale at 27 h, reperfusion at 27 h, and thrombolysis in cerebral infarction 2b/3 flow at the end of the procedure.
Analysis:Statistical analysis will be conducted using simultaneous success criteria on the overall distribution of modified R ankin S cale (R ankin shift) and proportions of subjects achieving functional independence (mRS 0–2).
We investigate system-size effects on the rotational diffusion of membrane proteins and other membrane-embedded molecules in molecular dynamics simulations. We find that the rotational diffusion coefficient slows down relative to the infinite-system value by a factor of one minus the ratio of protein and box areas. This correction factor follows from the hydrodynamics of rotational flows under periodic boundary conditions and is rationalized in terms of Taylor-Couette flow. For membrane proteins like transporters, channels, or receptors in typical simulation setups, the protein-covered area tends to be relatively large, requiring a significant finite-size correction. Molecular dynamics simulations of the protein adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT1) and of a carbon nanotube porin in lipid membranes show that the hydrodynamic finite-size correction for rotational diffusion is accurate in standard-use cases. The dependence of the rotational diffusion on box size can be used to determine the membrane viscosity.
Background: The MRI Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) lexicon recommends that a breast MRI proto-col contain T2-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI sequences. The addition of diffusion-weighted imag-ing (DWI) significantly improves diagnostic accuracy. This study aims to clarify which descriptors from DCE-MRI, DWI, andT2-weighted imaging are most strongly associated with a breast cancer diagnosis.Purpose/Hypothesis: To develop a multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) model for breast cancer diagnosis incorporating Ameri-can College of Radiology (ACR) BI-RADS recommended descriptors for breast MRI with DCE, T2-weighted imaging, andDWI with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping.Study Type: Retrospective.Subjects: In all, 188 patients (mean 51.6 years) with 210 breast tumors (136 malignant and 74 benign) who underwentmpMRI from December 2010 to September 2014.Field Strength/Sequence: IR inversion recovert DCE-MRI dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging VIBEVolume-Interpolated-Breathhold-Examination FLASH turbo fast-low-angle-shot TWIST Time-resolved angiography withstochastic Trajectories.Assessment: Two radiologists in consensus and another radiologist independently evaluated the mpMRI data. Charac-teristics for mass (n = 182) and nonmass (n = 28) lesions were recorded on DCE and T2-weighted imaging accordingto BI-RADS, as well as DWI descriptors. Two separate models were analyzed, using DCE-MRI BI-RADS descriptors, T2-weighted imagines, and ADCmean as either a continuous or binary form using a previously published ADC cutoffvalue of ≤1.25 × 10−3mm2/sec for differentiation between benign and malignant lesions. Histopathology was the stan-dard of reference.Statistical Tests: χ2test, Fisher’s exact test, Kruskal–Wallis test, Pearson correlation coefficient, multivariate logistic regres-sion analysis, Hosmer–Lemeshow test of goodness-of-fit, receiver operating characteristics analysis.Results: In Model 1, ADCmean (P = 0.0031), mass margins with DCE (P = 0.0016), and delayed enhancement with DCE(P = 0.0016) were significantly and independently associated with breast cancer diagnosis; Model 2 identified ADCmean(P = 0.0031), mass margins with DCE (P = 0.0012), initial enhancement (P = 0.0422), and delayed enhancement with DCE(P = 0.0065) to be significantly independently associated with breast cancer diagnosis. T2-weighted imaging variables werenot included in the final models
Zoos attract millions of visitors every year, many of whom are schoolchildren. For this reason, zoos are important institutions for the environmental education of future generations. Empirical studies on the educational impact of environmental education programs in zoos are still rare. To address this issue, we conducted two studies: In study 1, we investigated students’ interests in different biological topics, including zoos (n = 1,587). Data analysis of individual topics revealed large differences of interest, with advanced students showing less interest in zoos. In study 2, we invited school classes of this age group to visit different guided tours at the zoo and tested connection to nature before and after each educational intervention (n = 608). The results showed that the guided tours are an effective tool to raise students’ connection to nature. Add-on components have the potential to further promote connection to nature. The education programs are most effective with students with a low initial nature connection.