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Türkiye’de son yıllarda birçok üniversitede çeşitli dillere yönelik “mütercim-tercümanlık”, daha yeni bir tanımla “çeviribilim” bölümlerinin açılmasıyla birlikte çeviri eğitimi, bilimsel açıdan araştırmaya değer bir konu haline gelmiştir. Sayıları yıldan yıla artarak bugün 20’ye ulaşan çeviri bölümlerinin hedef ve temel ilkeleri, son on yıllarla ifade edilen evreli bir gelişim sürecinde kurumsallaşmaya yaklaşan “çeviribilim” alanı açısından araştırılmaya değer olgusal durum olarak karşımızda durmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bir yandan Türkiye’deki üniversitelerin çeviri programlarını temel alarak sürdürülen eğitim-öğretim etkinliklerini, ortaya koydukları hedefler açısından ele alıp irdelemek; diğer yandan ise çeviri eğitimi uygulamaları ile çeviri eğitimine dönük olarak ortaya atılan yaklaşımlar arasındaki benzerlikleri - farklılıkları tartışmak, çeviri bölümlerinin eğitim-öğretim izlenceleri üzerinden çeviri eğitiminde görülen olası eksikliklere ve yetersizliklere ilişkin çözüm önerileri geliştirmektir.
Ein Vordenker, der in der internationalen Diskussion um « cultural translation » so gut wie nie diskutiert wird, ist Antonio Gramsci. Der Philosoph aus Sardinien, von Kindes Tagen an in Zweisprachigkeit (Sardisch-Italienisch) geübt, hat ein feines Sensorium für kulturelle Differenzen ausgebildet. In seinen Gefängnisjahren übersetzt er – als intellektuelles Training – aus dem Russischen und dem Deutschen ins Italienische, und in den Gefängnisheften setzt er sich wiederholt mit dem Begriff der traducibilità (Übersetzbarkeit) auseinander: Übersetzbarkeit von Sprachen, aber auch von Kulturen. Der Artikel geht den Linien nach, die von Gramscis Überlegungen zu der aktuellen Diskussion gezogen werden können, und diskutiert am Ende vergleichend die Positionen Homi K. Bhabhas und Gayatri Spivaks.
This article has the objective to focus on the effects of globalization on the field of activity of the translators. With a historical overview covering the period from the Antique up to the present it is aimed to reveal that the emphasis on the translational demands were connected to the specific needs of that term. This analysis will show that the need for technical translation has increased. Based on this framework the effectivity of modern technical aids, which may be used with the purpose of accomplishing the translation of technical texts, is dealt with.
The learning outcomes of teaching translation in German departments at Moroccan universities have hardly been the subject of scientific debate among translation teachers and researchers alike. The actual translation course can only train students to pursue a career in intercultural communication and not in translation, because the teaching material and methodology don’t reflect the training objectives. The thesis of this paper is that the teaching of translation in the departments of German studies in Moroccan universities, as it stands, can have professional rather than academic goals, if the university pedagogical and technical conditions change and if the constraints projected in section 4 and the lines proposed in the same section below are followed.
Der Autor als Schreiber und Herausgeber : Perspektiven auf die Paratexte von Brentanos „Godwi“
(2006)
In Brentanos ›Godwi‹ [wird] das eigentümliche romantische Verfahren des Anbildens und Aneignens als »Uebersetzung« bezeichnet. Neben der Übersetzung aus fremden Sprachen – man denke an das Schlegel-Tiecksche Projekt der Übersetzung Shakespeares – kann sich der Begriff der ›Übersetzung‹ auch auf die intermediale Transformation von Zeichensystemen, etwa die Auflösung von Bildern in Sprache, oder auf die editoriale Tätigkeit beziehen. Ein sprechendes Beispiel hierfür ist die von Arnim und Brentano besorgte Sammlung und Überarbeitung von Volksliedern in ›Des Knaben Wunderhorn‹. Die beiden Herausgeber praktizierten ein editorisches Verfahren, das sich nicht mit der Transkription in die Schriftsprache begnügt, sondern eine sehr weitreichende »literarische Stilisierung« des Ausgangsmaterials vornimmt. Das gemeinsame Merkmal dieser verschiedenen Modi der Übersetzung liegt darin, daß ihnen jeweils eine eigentümliche Bewegung des Zitierens zugrunde liegt, mit der das Original in einen anderen Kontext manövriert und dort neu gerahmt wird. Dabei strebt die Übersetzung nicht die »Ähnlichkeit mit dem Original« an, sondern nimmt eine modulierende »Wandlung und Erneuerung des Lebendigen« vor, durch die sich das Original ändert. In gleicher Weise legt das Konzept einer anbildenden und umbildenden ›Neuen Mythologie‹ nahe, daß die »alte Natur und Kraft« der Poesie mit einer neu ins Werk zu setzenden »Kraft zum Bruch« interagiert.
This study examines the theory and practice of Kussmauls creative translating idea during the translating process of metaphors by Lakoff and Johnson. Creative translating could be functionalized for the process of literary translation. In this case it will be a vehicle for problem solving by the translation of the holistically metaphors defined by Lakoff/Johnson. These kinds of metaphors determine our live and are significant points of the language we use every day. Mostly they are very important for the receptively understanding of literary language and aims of the author and his text.
In order to disseminate the information in newspapers, one of the instruments that increase sharing of knowledge in the globalizing world, at the international level, it is obligatory to translate texts from the source language to other languages. However, there are some criteria taken into account in order to transfer the information to a large target audience during the preparation of news. These criteria should also be taken into consideration while translating this kind of texts. Especially in the translation of news texts that are oriented towards the target audience and that address the knowledge/ interest levels of the target audience, the decisions and approaches of the translator are determining. In this study, the discussion will be based on what kind of knowledge the journalists/ translators who translate news texts should have. In this context, an analysis will be carried out regarding which factors have had a determining role in the translation of news in Turkish as source language into German to be used in a German newspaper.
At the end of the 18th century, German literature boasted a wide range of exemplary translations, especially from ancient literatures. When, a few decades later, translation theory began to flourish in Germany, translations like J.H. Voß’s “foreignizing” versions of Homer’s epic poems were considered as examples to be followed. Although today’s dominant translation theories – as, for instance, skopos theory – tend to advocate “domesticating” procedures, most translators of literary texts cling to the tradition established by (pre-) romantic German translators and philosophers like Voß or Schleiermacher, thus obviously meeting the expectations of the German reader.
“Translational turn” in the cultural studies and “the cultural turn” in the translation studies show that the term “culture” is very important in the literary translation. The key terms of a foreign culture play a great role in literary translation because of the intercultural dialogue. The translator must pay attention to the clash of cultural terms in the literary texts and in the translation. The literary translation helps to understand between cultures if it carefully handles the cultural terms of a foreign culture which is translated into a target culture. The cultural terms which belong to Turkish culture are to be understood by the readers of the target culture. As readers, we must read the literary texts with a “thick description” and we hope the literary texts help intercultural dialogue if they are translated into a foreign culture. The translator must see the cultural terms diachronically and synchronically.
Die Übersetzung aus dem Mittelhochdeutschen als Hinführung zum Verständnis des Originals ist nicht nur das tägliche Brot in der mediävistischen Lehre, sie hat mittlerweile auch den Buchmarkt erobert. (…) Es scheint sich ein Konsens herausgebildet zu haben, wie dafür zu übersetzen ist: textdienlich, ohne Nachahmung der poetischen Form, v.a. der Reime, jedoch zeilengetreu, seltener sogar in reimlogischen Versen (…).