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This paper forms part of a larger, ongoing project, to investigate how certain narrative possibilities that seem to have crystallized for the first time in the ancient Greek novel have proved persistent and productive over time, undergoing subtle transformations during formative later periods in the history of the genre, notably the twelfth century (simultaneously in Old French and in Byzantine Greek) and the eighteenth (the time when, according to a narrower definition, the novel is said to originate). For the present, my more limited aim is to revisit the two main essays in which Bakhtin’s theory of the chronotope (and of the “historical poetics” of the novel) are developed, and to extrapolate what seem to me to the most significant and productive lines of his approach, both in general, and with specific reference to the ancient Greek novel. I will then attempt simultaneously to apply and to modify Bakhtin’s model, in the light of a reading of Achilles Tatius’ Leucippe and Clitophon and with reference to previous critiques. The final part of the paper examines how this approach can be productive for a reading of a much later text, often regarded as “foundational” for the modern development of the genre, especially in English, Fielding’s Tom Jones (1749).
The aim of this introductory article [to the volume of the same title], firstly, is to recapitulate the basic principles of Bakhtin’s initial theory as formulated in “Forms of Time and of the Chronotope in the Novel: Notes toward a Historical Poetics” (henceforth FTC) and “The Bildungsroman and its Significance in the History of Realism (Toward a Historic Typology of the Novel)” (henceforth BSHR). Subsequently, we present some relevant elaborations of Bakhtin’s initial concept and a number of applications of chronotopic analysis, closing our state of the art by outlining two perspectives for further investigation. Some of the issues which we touch upon receive more detailed treatment in other contributions to this volume. Others may offer perspectives for future Bakhtin scholarship.
In this contribution we try to probe the generic chronotope of realism, which, judging from its astonishing productivity in the nineteenth century and the profound impact it has had on literary evolution and theory ever since, can be designated nothing less than a hallmark in the general history of narrative. Although we are primarily concerned with the description of the principles of construction underlying the realistic, “documentary”, chronotope, we would also like to touch upon some of its rather evident, but still somewhat under-discussed similarities with the genre of historiography. For, despite an abundance of what could be called “touches of realism” in a plethora of literary texts and genres (both narrative and poetic) since the very beginnings of literary history itself, the direct germs of realism as it developed into a particular narrative genre or generic chronotope during the nineteenth century may well be situated in “prescientific” historiographical works such as those of Gibbon or Michelet.
Wissen und Spannung
(2005)
Im folgenden Beitrag soll das Thema 'Wie erzählt der Erzähler?' wesentlich im Blick auf die Relation Erzähler - Adressat behandelt werden. Grundlegend sind hier der Aspekt des im Erzählen zu vermittelnden Wissens und die Frage der zeitlichen Verfasstheit dieser durch die Narrationsinstanz vorgenommenen Vermittlung von Wissen.
Der wesentliche Grund, aus dem auch die neueren Theorien der Erzählanalyse, genauer: die Konzepte zu Perspektive oder 'Fokus', letztlich und d. h. insbesondere in ihrer Anwendung unbefriedigend bleiben, scheint mir darin zu liegen, dass sie immer noch dem Erzähler Prädikate statt dem Autor Strategien zuschreiben. Es ist hier nicht der Ort, mit einer akribischen Revision der Forschung zu beginnen, ich beschränke mich daher auf einige hoffentlich exemplarische Beobachtungen, um so mehr Zeit für meine eigentliche Aufgabe, nämlich die Präsentation meiner Vorstellungen, zu haben.
Der Artikel diskutiert die Arbeit von Paläopathologen, die diverse Krankheiten von Menschen der Vormoderne mittels mikroskopischer Untersuchungen an ihren Skeletten nachweisen können. Anhand der Befunde eines 4300 Jahre alten Skelettes erzählt die SZ-Autorin eine überraschend detaillierte, wenn auch knappe Lebensgeschichte eines Menschen - sie bettet die wissenschaftlichen Ergebnisse in ein Narrativ ein.
The Fugue of Chronotope
(2010)
As the survey by Nele Bemong and Pieter Borghart introducing this volume makes clear, the term chronotope has devolved into a veritable carnival of orismology. For all the good work that has been done by an ever-growing number of intelligent critics, chronotope remains a Gordian knot of ambiguities with no Alexander in sight. The term has metastasized across the whole spectrum of the human and social sciences since the publication of FTC in Russian in 1975, and (especially) after its translation into English in 1981. As others have pointed out, one of the more striking features of the chronotope is the plethora of meanings that have been read into the term: that its popularity is a function of its opacity has become a cliché. In the current state of chronotopic heteroglossia, then, how are we to proceed? The argument of this essay is that many of the difficulties faced by Bakhtin’s critics derive from ambiguities with which Bakhtin never ceased to struggle. That is, instead of advancing yet another definition of my own, I will investigate some of the attempts made by Bakhtin himself to give the term greater precision throughout his long life. In so doing, I will also hope to cast some light on the foundational role of time-space in Bakhtin’s philosophy of dialog as it, too, took on different meanings at various points in his thinking.
In diesem Beitrag wird das Projekt CAUTION vorgestellt, das sich dem narrativen Phänomen des unzuverlässigen Erzählens mithilfe verschiedener computergestützter Methoden (automatische und manuelle Annotation, Argumentvisualisierung und Deep Learning) nähert. In diesem Rahmen wird zur Beantwortung theoretisch-methodologisch relevanter Fragen zu unzuverlässigem Erzählen, aber auch zu literaturwissenschaftlicher Interpretation im Allgemeinen sowie zum Potenzial computergestützter Zugänge in diesem Zusammenhang beigetragen.
Rezension zu Matías Martínez, Michael Scheffel (2019): Einführung in die Erzähltheorie, München: C.H. Beck Verlag. 234 S. ISBN: 978-3-406-74291-0 ; Matías Martínez, Michael Scheffel (2020): Anlatım Teorisine Giriş, Çev: Arif Ünal, İstanbul: Runik Kitap.272 S. ISBN: 978-605-06194-6-1