Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (30433)
- Part of Periodical (11472)
- Book (8226)
- Doctoral Thesis (5576)
- Part of a Book (3869)
- Working Paper (3368)
- Review (2918)
- Contribution to a Periodical (2277)
- Preprint (1803)
- Report (1561)
Language
- German (42223)
- English (28219)
- French (1060)
- Portuguese (840)
- Spanish (309)
- Croatian (302)
- Multiple languages (253)
- Italian (196)
- mis (174)
- Turkish (168)
Has Fulltext
- yes (74068) (remove)
Keywords
- Deutsch (1076)
- Literatur (857)
- taxonomy (737)
- Deutschland (551)
- Rezension (511)
- new species (437)
- Rezeption (349)
- Frankfurt <Main> / Universität (341)
- Übersetzung (311)
- Geschichte (299)
Institute
- Medizin (7321)
- Präsidium (5062)
- Physik (4105)
- Extern (2738)
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften (2642)
- Gesellschaftswissenschaften (2362)
- Biowissenschaften (2101)
- Biochemie und Chemie (1940)
- Center for Financial Studies (CFS) (1606)
- Informatik (1576)
Two new endemic genera of Therevinae are described from Madagascar. Rinhatiana gen. nov. contains three new species (R. arctifestuca gen. et sp. nov., R. cracentis gen. et sp. nov. and R. latifestuca gen. et sp. nov.) as well as R. distincta (Lyneborg, 1976) comb. nov., which is transferred from Stenopomyia Lyneborg, 1976. Tianarinha gen. nov. is described containing two new species, T. goodmani gen. et sp. nov. and T. micet gen. et sp. nov. All species are diagnosed and figured along with distribution data.
In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden die Proteine Vlp15/16 und GlpQ aus B. miyamotoi hinsichtlich ihrer Eigenschaft, mit Plasminogen zu interagieren, charakterisiert.
Da einige Fälle von ZNS-Beteiligungen bei B. miyamotoi-Infektionen berichtet wurden, ist anzunehmen, dass diese Borrelienspezies über molekulare Mechanismen zur Überwindung der Blut-Hirn-Schranke verfügt. Eine solche Strategie könnte die Bindung wirtseigener Proteasen wie z.B. Plasminogen sein, um Komponenten der extrazellulären Matrix zu degradieren und dadurch die Dissemination des Erregers zu erleichtern.
Während Vmps, zu welchen auch Vlp15/16 gehört, als membranständige Proteine durch Variation der antigenen Oberflächenmatrix zur Immunevasion des Erregers beitragen, ist GlpQ bei der Hydrolyse von Phospholipiden in den Zellstoffwechsel eingebunden. Trotz dieser unterschiedlichen Funktionen, die den beiden Proteinen zukommen, binden beide Moleküle Plasminogen. Die Eigenschaften dieser Interaktion wurden in dieser Arbeit im Detail untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Vlp15/16 und GlpQ Plasminogen konzentrationsabhängig binden und die Dissoziationskonstanten (Vlp15/16:Kd = 354 nM ± 62 nM; GlpQ: Kd = 413 nM ± 72 nM) für beide Proteine im Bereich der Serumkonzentration von 2 µM liegen. Darüber hinaus konnte gezeigt werden, dass den beiden Proteinen unterschiedliche Mechanismen zugrunde liegen, Plasminogen zu binden. Während die erhobenen Daten für Vlp15/16 darauf hindeuten, dass Lysin-Reste essenziell für die Interaktion sind, scheinen bei GlpQ ionische Wechselwirkungen von Bedeutung zu sein.
Um die Beteiligung von C-terminal lokalisierten Lysin-Resten für die PlasminogenBindung von GlpQ nachzuweisen, wurden Varianten mit einzelnen Lysin-Substitutionen an zwei unterschiedlichen Positionen (333 und 334) sowie eine Variante mit einer Zweifach-Substitution (GlpQ-K333A-K334A) generiert. Die Bindungsanalysen ergaben, dass insbesondere der Lysin-Rest an Position 334 bei der Interaktion mit Plasminogen beteiligt ist.
Die funktionellen Analysen zeigten, dass das an Vlp15/16 beziehungsweise GlpQ gebundene Plasminogen zu Plasmin aktiviert werden konnte und darüber hinaus dazu in der Lage war, das physiologische Substrat Fibrinogen zu degradieren.
Abschließend wurde die Plasminogen-Bindung an nativen B. miyamotoi-Zellen mittels Immunfluoreszenz-Mikroskopie nachgewiesen.
Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit weisen Vlp15/16 und GlpQ als Plasminogen-bindende Proteine aus, mit deren Hilfe B. miyamotoi befähigt ist, Komponenten der extrazellulären Matrix zu degradieren und somit prinzipiell zur Dissemination des Erregers beizutragen.
Decline in physical activity in the weeks preceding sustained ventricular arrhythmia in women
(2020)
Background: Heightened risk of cardiac arrest following physical exertion has been reported. Among patients with an implantable defibrillator, an appropriate shock for sustained ventricular arrhythmia was preceded by a retrospective self-report of engaging in mild-to-moderate physical activity. Previous studies evaluating the relationship between activity and sudden cardiac arrest lacked an objective measure of physical activity and women were often underrepresented.
Objective: To determine the relationship between physical activity, recorded by accelerometer in a wearable cardioverter-defibrillator (WCD), and sustained ventricular arrhythmia among female patients.
Methods: A dataset of female adult patients prescribed a WCD for a diagnosis of myocardial infarction or dilated cardiomyopathy was compiled from a commercial database. Curve estimation, to include linear and nonlinear interpolation, was applied to physical activity as a function of time (days before arrhythmia).
Results: Among women who received an appropriate WCD shock for sustained ventricular arrhythmia (N = 120), a quadratic relationship between time and activity was present prior to shock. Physical activity increased starting at the beginning of the 30-day period up until day -16 (16 days before the ventricular arrhythmia) when activity begins to decline.
Conclusion: For patients who received treatment for sustained ventricular arrhythmia, a decline in physical activity was found during the 2 weeks preceding the arrhythmic event. Device monitoring for a sustained decline in physical activity may be useful to identify patients at near-term risk of a cardiac arrest.
Homeownership rates differ widely across European countries. We document that part of this variation is driven by differences in the fraction of adults co-residing with their parents. Comparing Germany and Italy, we show that in contrast to homeownership rates per household, homeownership rates per individual are very similar during the first part of the life cycle. To understand these patterns, we build an overlapping-generations model where individuals face uninsurable income risk and make consumption-saving and housing tenure decisions. We embed an explicit intergenerational link between children and parents to capture the three-way trade-off between owning, renting, and co-residing. Calibrating the model to Germany we explore the role of income profiles, housing policies, and the taste for independence and show that a combination of these factors goes a long way in explaining the differential life-cycle patterns of living arrangements between the two countries.
We extend the canonical income process with persistent and transitory risk to cyclical shock distributions with left-skewness and excess kurtosis. We estimate our income process by GMM for US household data. We find countercyclical variance and procyclical skewness of persistent shocks. All shock distributions are highly leptokurtic. The tax and transfer system reduces dispersion and left-skewness. We then show that in a standard incomplete-markets life-cycle model, first, higherorder risk has sizable welfare implications, which depend on risk attitudes; second, it matters quantitatively for the welfare costs of cyclical idiosyncratic risk; third, it has non-trivial implications for self-insurance against shocks.
A stochastic forward-looking model to assess the profitability and solvency of European insurers
(2016)
In this paper, we develop an analytical framework for conducting forward-looking assessments of profitability and solvency of the main euro area insurance sectors. We model the balance sheet of an insurance company encompassing both life and non-life business and we calibrate it using country level data to make it representative of the major euro area insurance markets. Then, we project this representative balance sheet forward under stochastic capital markets, stochastic mortality developments and stochastic claims. The model highlights the potential threats to insurers solvency and profitability stemming from a sustained period of low interest rates particularly in those markets which are largely exposed to reinvestment risks due to the relatively high guarantees and generous profit participation schemes. The model also proves how the resilience of insurers to adverse financial developments heavily depends on the diversification of their business mix. Finally, the model identifies potential negative spillovers between life and non-life business thorugh the redistribution of capital within groups.
The economic rise of China has changed the global economy. The authors explore China’s transformation from a low-cost manufacturing hub to an increasingly innovation- and service-driven economy. Major growth drivers for the period 2010-2025 are analysed, including the paradigms of “Made in China” and the “Dual Circulation Strategy”. The export intensity of China’s economy is declining overall, with a tendency towards greater regional diversification and a gradual decoupling from North America and the European Union. At the same time, trade and investment activities are increasingly geared to the Belt and Road Initiative. Furthermore, labour and energy cost advantages for manufacturing operations in China are likely to diminish in the coming years, calling into question China’s attractiveness as a global manufacturing hub. In this regard, the further development of regional and industrial clusters is pivotal for China to enhance its global competitiveness and remain an attractive destination for foreign direct investment (FDI) in the medium term. On the other hand, high productivity in science and technology and rich deposits of critical minerals put China in a favourable position in advanced industries. Important challenges include the still wide development gap between rural and urban areas, the structural mismatch in the labour market, with persistently high youth unemployment, and the race to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.
This paper studies whether Eurosystem collateral eligibility played a role in the portfolio choices of euro area asset managers during the “dash-for-cash” episode of 2020. We find that asset managers reduced their allocation to ECB-eligible corporate bonds, selling them in order to finance redemptions, while simultaneously increasing their cash holdings. These findings add nuance to previous studies of liquidity strains and price dislocations in the corporate bond market during the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, indicating a greater willingness of dealers to increase their inventories of corporate bonds pledgeable with the ECB. Analysing the price impact of these portfolio choices, we also find evidence pointing to price pressure for both ECB-eligible and ineligible corporate bonds. Bonds that were held to a larger extent by investment funds in our sample experienced higher price pressure, although the impact was lower for ECB-eligible bonds. We also discuss broader implications for the related policy debate about how central banks could mitigate similar types of liquidity shocks.
The Russian invasion of Ukraine illustrates the increasingly judicialized nature of international relations and geopolitics. By viewing aspects of the invasion as illegal – in particular through the identification of war crimes and crimes against humanity – the international response draws attention to the political geographies of international criminal investigation. Human rights groups, academics, journalists, and open-source forensic investigations have joined forces to collect, evaluate and analyze the violent nature of war crimes. While similar shifts in evidence gathering have been observed in the case of the Bosnia-Herzegovina war and the Assad regime's violence against Syrian citizens, the use of evidence-gathering technologies and evidence-securing institutions in the case of Ukraine is distinctive. In this scholarly intervention we seek to illustrate the intimate geopolitics of evidence gathering by zooming in on two different elements that shape evidential procedures in Ukraine: i) the blurring of civilian/military boundaries; and ii) the challenges of access. By evaluating what is new and what is similar to previous war sites, we suggest that these two areas reflect a geopolitics of evidence gathering, highlighting its global-local intimacies. Both these areas are well positioned to foster new research on the (geo)legal nature of war crimes in political geography and beyond.
We consider an additively time-separable life-cycle model for the family of power period utility functions u such that u0(c) = c−θ for resistance to inter-temporal substitution of θ > 0. The utility maximization problem over life-time consumption is dynamically inconsistent for almost all specifications of effective discount factors. Pollak (1968) shows that the savings behavior of a sophisticated agent and her naive counterpart is always identical for a logarithmic utility function (i.e., for θ = 1). As an extension of Pollak’s result we show that the sophisticated agent saves a greater (smaller) fraction of her wealth in every period than her naive counterpart whenever θ > 1 (θ < 1) irrespective of the specification of discount factors. We further show that this finding extends to an environment with risky returns and dynamically inconsistent Epstein-Zin-Weil preferences.