TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kochmann, Judith
A1  - Cunze, Sarah
A1  - Klimpel, Sven
T1  - Climatic niche comparison of raccoons Procyon lotor and raccoon dogs Nyctereutes procyonoides in their native and non-native ranges
T2  - Mammal review
N2  - 1. During the last century, the practice of fur farming in Europe led to the introduction of two mammal species from opposite ends of the world. With their subsequent unintentional escape from captivity or intentional releases, the process of slow expansion and establishment in Europe began. The raccoon Procyon lotor and the raccoon dog Nyctereutes procyonoides are included on the European Union’s list of invasive alien species.
2. We characterised the current climatic niches of the two species in their native ranges in North America and Asia, and compared them with their non-native-range niches in Europe, where we also projected climatic suitability. The aim was to locate suitable habitats beyond their current ranges and assess where a range expansion can be expected.
3. Niche comparison and the projection of climatic suitability in Europe were based on eight bioclimatic variables and presence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility database. For niche modelling, we applied the maximum entropy approach (Maxent) and used the native-range data for training.
4. Minimum temperature of the coldest month (bio06) was identified as the most important bioclimatic variable in the habitat suitability models for both species. Different tolerance levels regarding this variable might explain small differences between the species’ projected ranges, especially in the north and east of Europe. The high niche unfilling for both species in Europe suggests a potential for expansion beyond their present ranges.
5. With only little understanding of their ecological impacts in their new ranges, including the potential risk of Nyctereutes procyonoides as SARS-CoV-2 reservoir hosts, further research and management is required at various spatial scales in Europe.
KW  - carnivora
KW  - ecospat
KW  - invasive mammals
KW  - Maxent
KW  - range expansion
Y1  - 2021
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/62002
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-620026
SN  - 1365-2907
N1  - The present study was financially supported by the German Federal Environmental Foundation (Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt – DBU 35524/01). Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.
VL  - 2021
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Oxford [u.a.]
ER  -