TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zhukova, Vasilisa
A1  - Osipova, Nadezhda
A1  - Semyonkin, Aleksey
A1  - Malinovskaya, Julia
A1  - Melnikov, Pavel
A1  - Valikhov, Marat
A1  - Porozov, Yuri
A1  - Solovev, Yaroslav
A1  - Kuliaev, Pavel
A1  - Chang, En-chin
A1  - Sabel, Bernhard A.
A1  - Chekhonin, Vladimir
A1  - Abakumov, Maxim
A1  - Majouga, Alexander
A1  - Kreuter, Jörg
A1  - Henrich-Noack, Petra
A1  - Gelperina, Svetlana
A1  - Maksimenko, Olga
T1  - Fluorescently labeled PLGA nanoparticles for visualization in vitro and in vivo: the importance of dye properties
T2  - Pharmaceutics
N2  - Fluorescently labeled nanoparticles are widely used for evaluating their distribution in the biological environment. However, dye leakage can lead to misinterpretations of the nanoparticles’ biodistribution. To better understand the interactions of dyes and nanoparticles and their biological environment, we explored PLGA nanoparticles labeled with four widely used dyes encapsulated (coumarin 6, rhodamine 123, DiI) or bound covalently to the polymer (Cy5.5.). The DiI label was stable in both aqueous and lipophilic environments, whereas the quick release of coumarin 6 was observed in model media containing albumin (42%) or liposomes (62%), which could be explained by the different affinity of these dyes to the polymer and lipophilic structures and which we also confirmed by computational modeling (log PDPPC/PLGA: DiI—2.3, Cou6—0.7). The importance of these factors was demonstrated by in vivo neuroimaging (ICON) of the rat retina using double-labeled Cy5.5/Cou6-nanoparticles: encapsulated Cou6 quickly leaked into the tissue, whereas the stably bound Cy.5.5 label remained associated with the vessels. This observation is a good example of the possible misinterpretation of imaging results because the coumarin 6 distribution creates the impression that nanoparticles effectively crossed the blood–retina barrier, whereas in fact no signal from the core material was found beyond the blood vessels.
KW  - PLGA nanoparticles
KW  - fluorescent labeling
KW  - DiI
KW  - coumarin 6
KW  - rhodamine 123
KW  - Cy5.5
KW  - quantum yield
KW  - brightness
KW  - stability of fluorescent label
KW  - confocal microscopy
KW  - intracellular internalization
KW  - in vivo neuroimaging
Y1  - 2021
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/62198
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-621988
SN  - 1999-4923
N1  - This research was funded by Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, project No 075-15-2020-792 (unique identifier RF-190220X0031). The APC was funded from the same source.
VL  - 13.2021
IS  - 8, art. 1145
SP  - 1
EP  - 28
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  -