TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ritter, Andreas Hans
A1  - Friemel, Alexandra
A1  - Roth, Susanne
A1  - Kreis, Nina-Naomi
A1  - Hoock, Samira Catharina
A1  - Safdar, Babek Khan
A1  - Fischer, Kyra
A1  - Möllmann, Charlotte J.
A1  - Solbach, Christine
A1  - Louwen, Frank
A1  - Yuan, Juping
T1  - Subcutaneous and visceral adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells: Commonality and diversity
T2  - Cells
N2  - Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) are considered to be a useful tool for regenerative medicine, owing to their capabilities in differentiation, self-renewal, and immunomodulation. These cells have become a focus in the clinical setting due to their abundance and easy isolation. However, ASCs from different depots are not well characterized. Here, we analyzed the functional similarities and differences of subcutaneous and visceral ASCs. Subcutaneous ASCs have an extraordinarily directed mode of motility and a highly dynamic focal adhesion turnover, even though they share similar surface markers, whereas visceral ASCs move in an undirected random pattern with more stable focal adhesions. Visceral ASCs have a higher potential to differentiate into adipogenic and osteogenic cells when compared to subcutaneous ASCs. In line with these observations, visceral ASCs demonstrate a more active sonic hedgehog pathway that is linked to a high expression of cilia/differentiation related genes. Moreover, visceral ASCs secrete higher levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor α relative to subcutaneous ASCs. These findings highlight, that both ASC subpopulations share multiple cellular features, but significantly differ in their functions. The functional diversity of ASCs depends on their origin, cellular context and surrounding microenvironment within adipose tissues. The data provide important insight into the biology of ASCs, which might be useful in choosing the adequate ASC subpopulation for regenerative therapies.
KW  - adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells
KW  - differentiation
KW  - migration
KW  - secretion
KW  - primary cilium
KW  - sonic hedgehog signaling
Y1  - 2019
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/51996
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-519965
SN  - 2073-4409
N1  - This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
VL  - 8
IS  - 10, Art. 1288
SP  - 1
EP  - 23
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  -