TY  - JOUR
A1  - Rödel, Franz
A1  - Frey, Benjamin
A1  - Manda, Katrin
A1  - Hildebrandt, Guido
A1  - Hehlgans, Stephanie
A1  - Keilholz, Ludwig
A1  - Seegenschmiedt, Michael H.
A1  - Gaipl, Udo Sebastian
A1  - Rödel, Claus
T1  - Immunomodulatory properties and molecular effects in inflammatory diseases of low-dose X-irradiation
T2  - Frontiers in oncology
N2  - Inflammatory diseases are the result of complex and pathologically unbalanced multicellular interactions. For decades, low-dose X-irradiation therapy (LD-RT) has been clinically documented to exert an anti-inflammatory effect on benign diseases and chronic degenerative disorders. By contrast, experimental studies to confirm the effectiveness and to reveal underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are still at their early stages. During the last decade, however, the modulation of a multitude of immunological processes by LD-RT has been explored in vitro and in vivo. These include leukocyte/endothelial cell adhesion, adhesion molecule and cytokine/chemokine expression, apoptosis induction, and mononuclear/polymorphonuclear cell metabolism and activity. Interestingly, these mechanisms display comparable dose dependences and dose-effect relationships with a maximum effect in the range between 0.3 and 0.7 Gy, already empirically identified to be most effective in the clinical routine. This review summarizes data and models exploring the mechanisms underlying the immunomodulatory properties of LD-RT that may serve as a prerequisite for further systematic analyses to optimize low-dose irradiation procedures in future clinical practice.
KW  - discontinuous dose dependency
KW  - inflammation
KW  - immune modulation
KW  - low-dose radiation therapy
Y1  - 2012
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/28624
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-286241
SN  - 2234-943X
N1  - Copyright: © 2012 Rödel, Frey, Manda, Hildebrandt, Hehlgans, Keilholz, Seegenschmiedt, Gaipl and Rödel. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited and subject to any copyright notices concerning any third-party graphics etc.
VL  - 2
IS  - Article 120
PB  - Frontiers Media
CY  - Lausanne
ER  -