TY  - JOUR
A1  - Michaelis, Martin
A1  - Sithisarn, Patchima
A1  - Cinatl, Jindrich
T1  - Effects of flavonoid-induced oxidative stress on anti-H5N1 influenza A virus activity exerted by baicalein and biochanin A
T2  - BMC Research Notes
N2  - Background: Different flavonoids are known to interfere with influenza A virus replication. Recently, we showed that the structurally similar flavonoids baicalein and biochanin A inhibit highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza A virus replication by different mechanisms in A549 lung cells. Here, we investigated the effects of both compounds on H5N1-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and the role of ROS formation during H5N1 replication.
Findings: Baicalein and biochanin A enhanced H5N1-induced ROS formation in A549 cells and primary human monocyte-derived macrophages. Suppression of ROS formation induced by baicalein and biochanin A using the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine strongly increased the anti-H5N1 activity of both compounds in A549 cells but not in macrophages.
Conclusions: These findings emphasise that flavonoids induce complex pharmacological actions some of which may interfere with H5N1 replication while others may support H5N1 replication. A more detailed understanding of these actions and the underlying structure-activity relationships is needed to design agents with optimised anti-H5N1 activity.
KW  - H5N1
KW  - biochanin A
KW  - baicalein
KW  - antiviral
KW  - reactive oxygen species
KW  - N-acetyl-L-cysteine
Y1  - 2014
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/35281
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-352812
SN  - 1756-0500
N1  - © 2014 Michaelis et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
VL  - 7
IS  - Art. 384
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
PB  - BioMed Central
CY  - London
ER  -