TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wang, Xin
A1  - Dalmeijer, Geertje W.
A1  - Ruijter, Hester M. den
A1  - Anderson, Todd J.
A1  - Britton, Annie R.
A1  - Dekker, Jacqueline
A1  - Engström, Gunnar
A1  - Evans, Greg W.
A1  - Graaf, Jacqueline de
A1  - Grobbee, Diederick E.
A1  - Hedblad, Bo
A1  - Holewijn, Suzanne
A1  - Ikeda, Ai
A1  - Kauhanen, Jussi
A1  - Kitagawa, Kazuo
A1  - Kitamura, Akihiko
A1  - Kurl, Sudhir
A1  - Lonn, Eva M.
A1  - Lorenz, Matthias
A1  - Mathiesen, Ellisiv B.
A1  - Nijpels, Giel
A1  - Okazaki, Shuhei
A1  - Polak, Joseph F.
A1  - Price, Jacqueline F.
A1  - Rembold, Christopher M.
A1  - Rosvall, Maria
A1  - Rundek, Tatjana
A1  - Salonen, Jukka T.
A1  - Sitzer, Matthias
A1  - Stehouwer, Coen D. A.
A1  - Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka
A1  - Peters, Sanne A. E.
A1  - Bots, Michiel L.
T1  - Clustering of cardiovascular risk factors and carotid intima-media thickness : the USE-IMT study
T2  - PLoS one
N2  - Background: The relation of a single risk factor with atherosclerosis is established. Clinically we know of risk factor clustering within individuals. Yet, studies into the magnitude of the relation of risk factor clusters with atherosclerosis are limited. Here, we assessed that relation.
Methods: Individual participant data from 14 cohorts, involving 59,025 individuals were used in this cross-sectional analysis. We made 15 clusters of four risk factors (current smoking, overweight, elevated blood pressure, elevated total cholesterol). Multilevel age and sex adjusted linear regression models were applied to estimate mean differences in common carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) between clusters using those without any of the four risk factors as reference group.
Results: Compared to the reference, those with 1, 2, 3 or 4 risk factors had a significantly higher common CIMT: mean difference of 0.026 mm, 0.052 mm, 0.074 mm and 0.114 mm, respectively. These findings were the same in men and in women, and across ethnic groups. Within each risk factor cluster (1, 2, 3 risk factors), groups with elevated blood pressure had the largest CIMT and those with elevated cholesterol the lowest CIMT, a pattern similar for men and women.
Conclusion: Clusters of risk factors relate to increased common CIMT in a graded manner, similar in men, women and across race-ethnic groups. Some clusters seemed more atherogenic than others. Our findings support the notion that cardiovascular prevention should focus on sets of risk factors rather than individual levels alone, but may prioritize within clusters.
Y1  - 2017
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/43139
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-431390
SN  - 1932-6203
N1  - Copyright: © 2017 Wang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
VL  - 12
IS  - (3): e0173393
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
PB  - PLoS
CY  - Lawrence, Kan.
ER  -