TY  - JOUR
A1  - Deco, Gustavo
A1  - Cruzat, Josephine
A1  - Cabral, Joana
A1  - Tagliazucchi, Enzo
A1  - Laufs, Helmut
A1  - Logothetis, Nikos K.
A1  - Kringelbach, Morten L.
T1  - Awakening: Predicting external stimulation to force transitions between different brain states
T2  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
N2  - A fundamental problem in systems neuroscience is how to force a transition from one brain state to another by external driven stimulation in, for example, wakefulness, sleep, coma, or neuropsychiatric diseases. This requires a quantitative and robust definition of a brain state, which has so far proven elusive. Here, we provide such a definition, which, together with whole-brain modeling, permits the systematic study in silico of how simulated brain stimulation can force transitions between different brain states in humans. Specifically, we use a unique neuroimaging dataset of human sleep to systematically investigate where to stimulate the brain to force an awakening of the human sleeping brain and vice versa. We show where this is possible using a definition of a brain state as an ensemble of "metastable substates," each with a probabilistic stability and occurrence frequency fitted by a generative whole-brain model, fine-tuned on the basis of the effective connectivity. Given the biophysical limitations of direct electrical stimulation (DES) of microcircuits, this opens exciting possibilities for discovering stimulation targets and selecting connectivity patterns that can ensure propagation of DES-induced neural excitation, potentially making it possible to create awakenings from complex cases of brain injury.
KW  - brain states
KW  - metastates
KW  - electrical stimulation
KW  - computational neuroscience
KW  - modeling
Y1  - 2019
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/54483
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-544831
SN  - 1091-6490
SN  - 0027-8424
N1  - This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY).
VL  - 116
IS  - 36
SP  - 18088
EP  - 18097
PB  - National Acad. of Sciences
CY  - Washington, DC
ER  -