TY  - JOUR
A1  - Galarraga‑Vinueza, Maria Elisa
A1  - Obreja, Karinna Anne-Marie
A1  - Khoury, Chantal Marie
A1  - Begić, Amira
A1  - Ramanauskaite, Ausra
A1  - Sculean, Anton
A1  - Schwarz, Frank
T1  - Influence of macrophage polarization on the effectiveness of surgical therapy of peri-implantitis
T2  - International journal of implant dentistry
N2  - Purpose: To evaluate the influence of macrophage expression and polarization on the effectiveness of surgical therapy of peri-implantitis over a 6 month follow-up.
Methods: A total of fourteen patients (n = 14 implants) diagnosed with peri-implantitis underwent access flap surgery, granulation tissue removal, implantoplasty, and augmentation at intra-bony components using a natural derived bone mineral and application of a native collagen membrane during a standardized surgical procedure. Granulation tissue biopsies were prepared for immunohistochemical characterization and macrophage polarization assessment. M1 and M2 phenotype expression was identified and quantified through immunohistochemical markers and histomorphometrical analyses. Clinical evaluation and data collection were performed initially and after a healing period of 6 months. Statistical analyses were performed to associate infiltrated area, macrophage, and M1/M2 phenotype influence on peri-implant tissue healing parameters after a 6-month follow-up.
Results: Mean infiltrated compartment (ICT) values occupied a total percentage of 70.3% ± 13.0 in the analyzed granulation tissue biopsies. Macrophages occupied a mean area of 15.3% ± 7.0. M1 and M2 phenotypes were present in 7.1 ± 4.1% and 5.5 ± 3.7%, respectively. No statistically significant difference was observed between M1 and M2% expression (p = 0.16). The mean M1/ M2 ratio amounted to 1.5 ± 0.8. Surgical therapy was associated with statistically significant reductions in mean bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD) and suppuration (SUPP) scores at 6 months (p < 0.05). Linear regression analyses revealed a significant correlation between macrophage expression (CD68%) and changes in PD scores and M1 (%) expression and changes in mucosal recession (MR) scores at 6 months.
Conclusions: The present data suggest that macrophages might influence peri-implant tissue healing mechanisms following surgical therapy of peri-implantitis over a short-term period. Particularly, changes in PD and MR scores were statistically significantly associated with macrophage expression and phenotype.
KW  - Biopsy
KW  - Dental implant
KW  - Immuno‑histochemistry
KW  - Peri‑implantitis
KW  - Macrophage polarization
KW  - Combined surgical therapy
Y1  - 2021
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/74976
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-749764
SN  - 2198-4034
N1  - Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. The study was supported by an Educational Grant of the Osteology Foundation, Lucerne, Switzerland.
VL  - 7
IS  - art. 110
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin ; Heidelberg
ER  -