TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bruckner, Franz
A1  - Gruber, Judith R.
A1  - Ruf, Alea
A1  - Edwin Thanarajah, Sharmili
A1  - Reif, Andreas
A1  - Matura, Silke
T1  - Exploring the link between lifestyle, inflammation, and insulin resistance through an improved healthy living index
T2  - Nutrients
N2  - Lifestyle factors—such as diet, physical activity (PA), smoking, and alcohol consumption—have a significant impact on mortality as well as healthcare costs. Moreover, they play a crucial role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). There also seems to be a link between lifestyle behaviours and insulin resistance, which is often a precursor of DM2. This study uses an enhanced Healthy Living Index (HLI) integrating accelerometric data and an Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) to explore differences in lifestyle between insulin-sensitive (IS) and insulin-resistant (IR) individuals. Moreover, it explores the association between lifestyle behaviours and inflammation. Analysing data from 99 participants of the mPRIME study (57 women and 42 men; mean age 49.8 years), we calculated HLI scores—ranging from 0 to 4— based on adherence to specific low-risk lifestyle behaviours, including non-smoking, adhering to a healthy diet, maximally moderate alcohol consumption, and meeting World Health Organization (WHO) PA guidelines. Insulin sensitivity was assessed using a Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were used as a proxy for inflammation. Lifestyle behaviours, represented by HLI scores, were significantly different between IS and IR individuals (U = 1529.0; p = 0.023). The difference in the HLI score between IR and IS individuals was mainly driven by lower adherence to PA recommendations in the IR group. Moreover, reduced PA was linked to increased CRP levels in the IR group (r = −0.368, p = 0.014). Our findings suggest that enhancing PA, especially among individuals with impaired insulin resistance, holds significant promise as a preventive strategy.
KW  - Healthy Living Index (HLI)
KW  - lifestyle
KW  - insulin resistance
KW  - inflammation
KW  - Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA)
Y1  - 2024
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/83569
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-835699
SN  - 2072-6643
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  -