TY  - JOUR
A1  - Reynolds, Felicity
A1  - Knott, Christine
T1  - Pharmacokinetics in pregnancy and placental drug transfer
T2  - Oxford reviews of reproductive biology
N2  - Total body water increases in pregnancy and while the uterus, placenta, fetus, and amniotic fluid constitute part of this increase, the largest component is in the extracellular water. Fat stores also increase and thus the distribution volumes of all drugs expand, but the major effect is seen in polar drugs which are confined to the extracellular space. Cardiac output and renal function also increase and elimination of polar drugs is acelerated. In contrast, the elimination of lipophilic drugs may be retarded, and the effect on intermediate drugs is variable. Polar drugs cross the placenta slowly and accumulate in amniotic fluid and therefore in the fetal gut lumen. Lipophilic drugs cross the placenta rapidly and their transplacental distribution is dependent on relative maternal and fetal affinity: this is determined largely by protein binding on either side of the placenta. The. fetus and neonate dispose of all drugs less rapidly than adults, the most efficient elimination processes being sulphate conjugation and renal excretion.
Y1  - 2009
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/10827
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30-1119595
SN  - 0260-0854
N1  - Signatur: SZ 4695
VL  - 11
SP  - 389
EP  - 449
ER  -