TY  - CHAP
A1  - Winkler, Ralf
A1  - Sendlmeier, Walter
T1  - Open Quotient (EGG) measurements of young and elderly voices: results of a production and perception study
T2  - Speech production and perception : experimental analyses and models / editors Susanne Fuchs, Pascal Perrier and Bernd Pompino-Marschall, Zentrum für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft, Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung (Berlin): ZAS papers in linguistics ; Vol. 40 (2005)
N2  - This paper presents the results of Open Quotient measurements in EGG signals of young (18 to 30 year old) and elderly (59 to 82 year old) male and female speakers. The paper further presents quantitative results on the relation between the OQ and the perception of a speaker's age. Higgins & Saxman (1991) found a decreased OQEGG with increasing age for females, whereas the OQEGG in sustained vowel material increased for males as the speakers age increased. In Linville (2002), however, the spectral amplitudes in the region of F0 (obtained by LTAS-measurements of read speech material) increased with increasing age independent of gender; this could be interpreted indirectly as an increasing OQ. We measured the OQEGG not only for sustained vowels, but also in vowels taken from isolated words. In order to analyse the relation between breathiness in terms of an increased OQ and the mean perceived age per stimulus a perception test was carried out in which listeners were asked to estimate speaker's age based on sustained /a/-vowel stimuli varying in vocal effort (soft - normal - loud) during production. The results indicated the following: (i) The decreased OQ for elderly females originally found by Higgins & Saxman is not apparent in our data for sustained /a/-vowels. For our female speakers no significant difference between the OQ of young and old speakers was found; for elderly males, however, we also found an increasing OQ with increasing age.(ii) In addition, a statistically significant increased OQEGG occurs for the group of the elderly males for the vowels from the word material. (iii) Our results show a strong positive relation between perceived age and OQ in male voices. Regarding (i) and (ii), at least the male speaker's voice becomes more breathy as age increases. Considering (iii), increased breathiness may contribute to the listener’s perception of increased age.
KW  - Phonetik
KW  - Stimmgebung
KW  - Elektroglottographie
Y1  - 2005
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/30935
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-309354
UR  - http://www.zas.gwz-berlin.de/191.html?&L=1%2527%252band%252bchar%28124%29%25252Buser%25252Bchar%28124%29%25253D0%252band%252b%2527%2527%25253D%2527
SN  - 1435-9588
SN  - 0947-7055
VL  - 40
SP  - 213
EP  - 225
PB  - Zentrum für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft, Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung
CY  - Berlin
ER  -