TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bachmann, Malte
A1  - Lamprecht, Laura
A1  - Gonther, Sina
A1  - Pfeilschifter, Josef
A1  - Mühl, Heiko
T1  - A murine cellular model of necroinflammation displays RAGE‐dependent cytokine induction that connects to hepatoma cell injury
T2  - Journal of cellular and molecular medicine
N2  - Unresolved inflammation maintained by release of danger‐associated molecular patterns, particularly high‐mobility group box‐1 (HMGB1), is crucial for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis. To further characterize interactions between leucocytes and necrotic cancerous tissue, a cellular model of necroinflammation was studied in which murine Raw 264.7 macrophages or primary splenocytes were exposed to necrotic lysates (N‐lys) of murine hepatoma cells or primary hepatocytes. In comparison to those derived from primary hepatocytes, N‐lys from hepatoma cells were highly active—inducing in macrophages efficient expression of inflammatory cytokines like C‐X‐C motif ligand‐2 , tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin (IL)‐6 and IL‐23‐p19. This activity associated with higher levels of HMGB1 in hepatoma cells and was curbed by pharmacological blockage of the receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE)/HMGB1 axis or the mitogen‐activated protein kinases ERK1/2 pathway. Analysis of murine splenocytes furthermore demonstrated that N‐lys did not comprise of functionally relevant amounts of TLR4 agonists. Finally, N‐lys derived from hepatoma cells supported inflammatory splenic Th17 and Th1 polarization as detected by IL‐17, IL‐22 or interferon‐γ production. Altogether, a straightforward applicable model was established which allows for biochemical characterization of immunoregulation by HCC necrosis in cell culture. Data presented indicate a remarkably inflammatory capacity of necrotic hepatoma cells that, at least partly, depends on the RAGE/HMGB1 axis and may shape immunological properties of the HCC microenvironment.
KW  - cytokines
KW  - hepatocellular carcinoma
KW  - high‐mobility group box‐1 (HMGB1)
KW  - inflammation
KW  - necrosis
KW  - receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE)
Y1  - 2020
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/57195
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-571953
SN  - 1582-4934
VL  - 24
IS  - 18
SP  - 10356
EP  - 10366
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Hoboken, NJ
ER  -