TY  - CHAP
A1  - Lambert, Scott
A1  - Wagner, Martin
A2  - Wagner, Martin
A2  - Lambert, Scott
T1  - Microplastics are contaminants of emerging concern in freshwater environments : an overview
T2  - Martin Wagner ; Scott Lambert (Hrsg.): Freshwater microplastics : emerging environmental contaminants?, The handbook of environmental chemistry ; 58
N2  - In recent years, interest in the environmental occurrence and effects of microplastics (MPs) has shifted towards our inland waters, and in this chapter we provide an overview of the issues that may be of concern for freshwater environments. The term ‘contaminant of emerging concern’ does not only apply to chemical pollutants but to MPs as well because it has been detected ubiquitously in freshwater systems. The environmental release of MPs will occur from a wide variety of sources, including emissions from wastewater treatment plants and from the degradation of larger plastic debris items. Due to the chemical makeup of plastic materials, receiving environments are potentially exposed to a mixture of micro- and nano-sized particles, leached additives, and subsequent degradation products, which will become bioavailable for a range of biota. The ingestion of MPs by aquatic organisms has been demonstrated, but the long-term effects of continuous exposures are less well understood. Technological developments and changes in demographics will influence the types of MPs and environmental concentrations in the future, and it will be important to develop approaches to mitigate the input of synthetic polymers to freshwater ecosystems.
KW  - Degradation
KW  - Ecosystem effects
KW  - Fate
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Polymers
KW  - Sources
KW  - Toxicity
Y1  - 2017
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/45181
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-451811
SN  - 978-3-319-61614-8
SN  - 978-3-319-61615-5
SN  - 3-319-61614-5
SN  - 1867-979X
SN  - 1616-864X
N1  - © The Author(s) 2018. Open Access: This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.
SP  - 1
EP  - 23
PB  - Springer International Publishing AG
CY  - Cham, Switzerland
ER  -