TY - CHAP A1 - LaPolla, Randy J. T1 - Causes and effects of Substratum, Superstratum and Adstratum influence, with reference to Tibeto-Burman languages T2 - Issues in Tibeto-Burman Historical Linguistics (Senri Ethnological Studies 75)/ ed. by Yasuhiko Nagano N2 - Language contact has become a major focus of inquiry in historical and typological linguistics in the last twenty years, spurred in a large part by the publication of Thomason & Kaufman (1988), which tried to make sense of a large amount of language contact data. They argued that there was a direct relationship between the degree or intensity of language contact and the amount and type of influence the contact would have on one or more of the languages involved. Essentially, the greater the degree of bilingualism, the greater the degree of contact influence (see also Thomason 2001); if the contact and bilingualism was minimal, then there might just be a few loanwords adapted to the borrowing language's phonology and grammatical system, but if the contact and bilingualism was of a greater degree there would be influence in the grammar and phonology of the affected language. As more linguists came to take language contact more seriously, they came to realize how common language contact phenomena are. KW - Tibetobirmanische Sprachen Y1 - 2010 UR - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/14824 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30-1157485 UR - http://victoria.linguistlist.org/~lapolla//rjlapolla/papers/LaPolla-Causes-and-Effects-of-Substratum-influence.pdf VL - 75 SP - 227 EP - 237 PB - National Museum of Ethnology CY - Osaka ER -