TY  - JOUR
A1  - Braun, Markus
A1  - Al-Qaysi, Rawya
A1  - Klingelhöfer, Doris
A1  - Müller, Ruth
A1  - Groneberg, Jan David Alexander
T1  - High particulate matter burden of cigarettes from the United Arab Emirates and Germany: are there country-specific differences?
T2  - International journal of environmental research and public health
N2  - Although the big tobacco companies offer the same cigarette brands across countries, little is known about the potential regional differences of the particulate matter (PM) emissions of apparently equal brands. PM emissions of three cigarette brands (Marlboro Gold, Winston Red resp. Classic, Parliament Platinum resp. Night Blue) from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Germany were analysed. Second-hand smoke was produced in a 2.88 m3 measuring cabin by an automatic environmental tobacco smoke emitter. PM size fractions PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 were detected in real-time using laser aerosol spectrometry. Depending on the PM fraction Marlboro cigarettes from UAE showed 33%–35% higher PM amounts. Moreover, Winston cigarettes from UAE showed distinctly higher PM values (28–31%) than the German counterparts. The “lighter” Parliament from UAE emitted 3%–9% more PM than the German one. The measured mean PM10 values laid between 778 and 1163 µg/m3 (mean PM2.5: 777–1161 µg/m3; mean PM1: 724–1074 µg/m3). That means smoking in enclosed rooms causes massive PM burden. The PM emission of equal or similar tobacco products from different countries can differ distinctly. Hence, the declaration of PM emission values, besides nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide amounts, should be obligatory worldwide. Furthermore, complete information about the ingredients and production processes of tobacco products should be provided to health officials and the public. This can help to minimise or ban substances or product designs that make smoking even more harmful, and to enhance the awareness of the risks of smoking.
KW  - second-hand smoke
KW  - environmental tobacco smoke
KW  - indoor air pollution
KW  - tobacco control
KW  - tobacco products
KW  - declaration of tobacco ingredients
Y1  - 2020
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/54468
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-544687
SN  - 1660-4601
N1  - This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
VL  - 17
IS  - 2415
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  -