Diagnostic and prognostic potential of exosomal cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 in polytrauma patients

  • Trauma remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Polytraumatized patients need a precise, early diagnosis to avoid complications such as multiorgan failure or sepsis. Inflammatory cytokines, commonly used for diagnosis, have a short half-life, which limits their efficacy as a diagnostic or prognostic marker. In this study, we hypothesized that cytokines in exosomes could have a longer half-life, and therefore could be used as diagnostic and prognostic markers in polytrauma patients. Plasma samples from polytraumatized patients (ISS ≥ 16, n = 18) were collected in the emergency room (ER) 1, 2, 3 and 5 days after trauma. Plasma-exosomes were isolated via size exclusion chromatography from polytraumatized patients and healthy volunteers (n = 10). The systemic and exosomal concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-1β and TNF were measured using high-sensitive ELISAs. To investigate the diagnostic and prognostic potential of exosomal cytokines, data were correlated with clinical outcome parameters (injury severity, ventilation time, time in ICU and survival) documented in the patients’ electronic records. Despite the use of high-sensitive ELISAs, IL-1β and TNF alpha were not detected in exosomes. IL-6 and IL-10 were detectable in polytraumatized patient exosomes at all time points. A decrease over time of both systemic and exosomal IL-6 concentrations was observed. Furthermore, exosomal and systemic IL-6 concentrations moderately correlated (r = 0.63). Exosomal IL-6 in the ER moderately correlated with the Injury Severity Score (ISS) (mean 35.5 ± 11.5) (r = 0.45) and was associated with non-survival in polytrauma patients (p < 0.05). In contrast to IL-6, no correlation between systemic and exosomal IL-10 concentrations was found. Exosomal IL-10 concentrations remained unchanged throughout the observation time, whereas systemic IL-10 concentrations peaked in the ER and were significantly reduced after 24 h. Data from this study support our hypothesis that some cytokines (IL-10), but not all (IL-6), are detectable in exosomes significantly longer than they are in plasma. This might indicate that they are protected from degradation. Although we did not find a correlation between IL-10 exosomal concentration and patient outcome, our data confirm that exosomal cytokines are of interest as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers in polytrauma patients, and require further detailed research.

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Author:Birte WeberORCiDGND, Ramona SturmGND, Dirk HenrichORCiDGND, Ludmila LupuORCiDGND, Katrin Rottluff, Ingo MarziORCiDGND, Liudmila LeppikORCiDGND
URN:urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-875124
DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411830
ISSN:1422-0067
Parent Title (English):International journal of molecular sciences
Publisher:Molecular Diversity Preservation International
Place of publication:Basel
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Date of Publication (online):2023/07/23
Date of first Publication:2023/07/23
Publishing Institution:Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg
Release Date:2024/10/29
Tag:exosomal cytokines; exosomes; extracellular vesicle; interleukin 10; interleukin 6; polytrauma; size exclusion chromatography
Volume:24
Issue:14, art. 11830
Article Number:11830
Page Number:10
First Page:1
Last Page:10
Note:
Funding: DFG ; 465409392
Note:
Gefördert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Goethe-Universität.
Institutes:Medizin
Dewey Decimal Classification:5 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / 57 Biowissenschaften; Biologie / 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
Sammlungen:Universitätspublikationen
Open-Access-Publikationsfonds:Medizin
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International