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Parenteza s glagolima govorenja u hrvatskom jeziku

Verba Dicendi Parentheticals in Croatian

  • U radu se razmatraju strukturna svojstva i distribucija parentetičkih izraza s glagolima govorenja u hrvatskome jeziku. Noseći izraz u koji je umetnut parentetički izraz s glagolom govorenja najčešće je rečenica, a znatno rjeđe koja druga sintaktička skupina. Distribucija je parentetičkoga izraza pritom prilično slobodna. Smještanje parentetičkoga izraza obično poštuje granice maksimalnih projekcija. Iskazi koji sadrže parentetičke izraze s glagolima govorenja mogu se semantički podijeliti u dvije skupine, na one usmjerene prema govorniku i one usmjerene prema subjektu. Čimbenici su koji u hrvatskom jeziku određuju je li iskaz usmjeren prema govorniku ili prema subjektu: smjer pronominalizacije, inverzija subjekta i predikata, različito ponašanje u dosegu niječnice i različita intonacija. Da parentetički izrazi tvore s nosećim izrazom jednu sintaktičku cjelinu potvrđuje, osim utjecaja dosega niječnice, i asimetrija u odnosu zamjenica i kvantifikatora te sličnosti takvih iskaza s posebnim pitanjima, odnosno s wh-pomicanjem: fakultativnost inverzije subjekta i predikata uvjetovana pragmatičkim čimbenicima, dalekometna ovisnost te slično ponašanje glede otočnih ograničenja. Heterogeno ponašanje dviju vrsta iskaza upućuje na to da vjerojatno imaju različitu unutarnju strukturu. Autor zaključuje da razlika nije u tome kako je parentetički izraz uklopljen (spojen) u noseći izraz, nego samo u unutarnjoj strukturi parentetičkoga izraza. U iskazima usmjerenim prema subjektu na mjestu objekta parentetičkoga glagola spojena je kopija nosećega izraza, a u onima koji su usmjereni prema govorniku na tom je položaju samo prazni operator OP koji je pomaknut na položaj specifikatora i koindeksiran s nosećim izrazom. Budući da za primjere usmjerene prema subjektu nije prikladan opis s pomoću operacije pomakni, autor kao alternativu predlaže pretpostavku da je riječ o eliptičnim iskazima u kojima je poništena dopumbena rečenica parentetičkoga glagola koja je identična nosećemu izrazu.
  • The paper describes the distribution and the structure of verba dicendi parentheticals in Croatian. A parenthetical may be inserted at clause level (most often) or at constituent level (less often). Parenthetical placement is quite liberal. Usually, it does not break the phrase, but it is inserted either in front of or after the maximal projection. Utterances containing verba dicendi parentheticals can be divided into two groups: speaker oriented and subject oriented. The factors determining whether the utterance is speaker or subject oriented are: the direction of pronominalization, inversion of the subject and the finite verb, different behavior in the scope of negative expressions, and the difference in intonation. That the parenthetical expression form single syntactic constituent with the host expression is also confirmed by the asymmetry in relationship between quantifiers and pronouns, as well as by the similarity of such utterances with wh-questions (wh-movement), such as: optional inversion of the subject and the finite verb (which is conditioned pragmatically), long distance (unbounded) dependencies and similar behavior in respect to island conditions. Heterogeneous behavior of two types of utterances suggests that they, most probably, have different structure. The author concludes that the difference between them is not in the way in which the parenthetical expression is integrated (merged) into the host expression, but only in the internal structure of the parenthetical expression itself. In subject oriented utterances, the silent copy of the host expression is merged in the complement position of the parenthetical verb, while the speaker oriented utterances have only an empty operator OP in this position, which is moved in the Spec position and co-indexed with the host expression. Since the derivation of the subject oriented utterances cannot adequately be described as the result of movement, the author proposes an alternative hypothesis, i.e. that they are elliptical expressions in which CP complement of the parenthetical verb, which is identical to the host expression, has been deleted.

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Metadaten
Author:Milan Mihaljević
URN:urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-387998
URL:http://hrcak.srce.hr/117891
ISSN:1331-6745
ISSN:1849-0379
Parent Title (Croatian):Rasprave : časopis Instituta za Hrvatski Jezik i Jezikoslovlje
Publisher:Inst.
Place of publication:Zagreb
Document Type:Article
Language:Croatian
Date of Publication (online):2016/10/17
Year of first Publication:2014
Publishing Institution:Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg
Release Date:2016/10/17
Tag:Croatian language; parenthesis; verbs of speaking
glagoli govorenja; hrvatski jezik; parenteza
Volume:39
Issue:2
Page Number:18
First Page:527
Last Page:544
Note:
Rights: Papers published in this journal can be used for personal or educational purposes while respecting the rights of authors and publishers.
HeBIS-PPN:401894452
Dewey Decimal Classification:4 Sprache / 49 Andere Sprachen / 490 Andere Sprachen
Sammlungen:Linguistik
Licence (German):License LogoDeutsches Urheberrecht