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Complete Pathological Response After Neoadjuvant Short-Course Immunotherapy with Ipilimumab and Nivolumab in Locally Advanced MSI-H/dMMR Rectal Cancer

  • Background: Patients with colorectal carcinoma and high-grade microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficiency in mismatch repair (dMMR) exceptionally respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). ICIs are more active in treatment-naïve patients than in patients with refractory MSI-H/dMMR metastatic colorectal cancer and even more active in patients with locally advanced tumors. Material and Methods: A 33-year-old male patient with Lynch syndrome was diagnosed with a locally advanced rectal cancer and refused standard neoadjuvant chemoradiation because of the potential harm of sexual dysfunction. MMR and microsatellite instability status were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and fragment length polymerase chain reaction followed by capillary electrophoresis. Results: After MSI-H/dMMR was confirmed, the patient was treated with ICIs (1 mg/kg ipilimumab at day 1 and 3 mg/kg nivolumab at day 1 and 15). A complete clinical response was documented at day 21 after start of treatment. The patient underwent a total mesorectal excision at day 30. In the extirpated tissue, a complete pathological response was confirmed. Conclusion: In MSI-H/dMMR locally advanced rectal cancer short-course ICI treatment is highly effective and may be discussed in patients with dMMR locally advanced rectal cancer.

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Author:Jörg TrojanORCiDGND, Sebastian StintzingORCiDGND, Oliver Haase, Christine Koch, Paul Ziegler, Melanie Christin DemesGND, Ivan Jelas
URN:urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-644133
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/onco.13955
ISSN:1549-490X
Parent Title (English):The oncologist
Publisher:Wiley
Place of publication:Hoboken, NJ
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Date of Publication (online):2021/08/25
Date of first Publication:2021/08/25
Publishing Institution:Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg
Release Date:2022/01/13
Volume:2021
Issue:online version before inclusion in an issue
Page Number:5
First Page:1
Last Page:5
Note:
Open access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.
Note:
Early View: Online Version before inclusion in an issue
HeBIS-PPN:491339143
Institutes:Medizin
Dewey Decimal Classification:6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
Sammlungen:Universitätspublikationen
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - Namensnennung-Nicht kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitung 4.0