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Effect of alirocumab on mortality after acute coronary syndromes : an analysis of the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES randomized clinical trial

  • Background: Previous trials of PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9) inhibitors demonstrated reductions in major adverse cardiovascular events, but not death. We assessed the effects of alirocumab on death after index acute coronary syndrome. Methods: ODYSSEY OUTCOMES (Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcomes After an Acute Coronary Syndrome During Treatment With Alirocumab) was a double-blind, randomized comparison of alirocumab or placebo in 18 924 patients who had an ACS 1 to 12 months previously and elevated atherogenic lipoproteins despite intensive statin therapy. Alirocumab dose was blindly titrated to target achieved low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) between 25 and 50 mg/dL. We examined the effects of treatment on all-cause death and its components, cardiovascular and noncardiovascular death, with log-rank testing. Joint semiparametric models tested associations between nonfatal cardiovascular events and cardiovascular or noncardiovascular death. Results: Median follow-up was 2.8 years. Death occurred in 334 (3.5%) and 392 (4.1%) patients, respectively, in the alirocumab and placebo groups (hazard ratio [HR], 0.85; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.98; P=0.03, nominal P value). This resulted from nonsignificantly fewer cardiovascular (240 [2.5%] vs 271 [2.9%]; HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.74 to 1.05; P=0.15) and noncardiovascular (94 [1.0%] vs 121 [1.3%]; HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.59 to 1.01; P=0.06) deaths with alirocumab. In a prespecified analysis of 8242 patients eligible for ≥3 years follow-up, alirocumab reduced death (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.65 to 0.94; P=0.01). Patients with nonfatal cardiovascular events were at increased risk for cardiovascular and noncardiovascular deaths (P<0.0001 for the associations). Alirocumab reduced total nonfatal cardiovascular events (P<0.001) and thereby may have attenuated the number of cardiovascular and noncardiovascular deaths. A post hoc analysis found that, compared to patients with lower LDL-C, patients with baseline LDL-C ≥100 mg/dL (2.59 mmol/L) had a greater absolute risk of death and a larger mortality benefit from alirocumab (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.90; Pinteraction=0.007). In the alirocumab group, all-cause death declined with achieved LDL-C at 4 months of treatment, to a level of approximately 30 mg/dL (adjusted P=0.017 for linear trend). Conclusions: Alirocumab added to intensive statin therapy has the potential to reduce death after acute coronary syndrome, particularly if treatment is maintained for ≥3 years, if baseline LDL-C is ≥100 mg/dL, or if achieved LDL-C is low. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01663402.
Metadaten
Author:P. Gabriel Steg, Michael Szarek, Deepak L. BhattORCiDGND, Vera A. BittnerORCiD, Marie-France Brégeault, Anthony J. Dalby, Rafael Diaz, Jay M. Edelberg, Shaun G. Goodman, Corinne Hanotin, Robert A. Harrington, J. Wouter Jukema, Guillaume Lecorps, Kenneth Mahaffey, Angèle Moryusef, Petr Ostadal, Alexander Parkhomenko, Robert Pordy, Matthew T. Roe, Pierluigi Tricoci, Robert Vogel, Harvey White, Andreas M. ZeiherORCiDGND, Gregory G. Schwartz
URN:urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-544887
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.038840
ISSN:1524-4539
ISSN:0009-7322
Pubmed Id:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31117810
Parent Title (English):Circulation
Publisher:Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins ; Ovid
Place of publication:Philadelphia, Pa. ; [s. l.]
Contributor(s):Sophie Rushton-Smith
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Year of Completion:2019
Date of first Publication:2019/05/23
Publishing Institution:Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg
Contributing Corporation:ODYSSEY OUTCOMES Committees and Investigators
Release Date:2020/05/18
Tag:PCSK9 protein; acute coronary syndrome; alirocumab; cholesterol; mortality
GND Keyword:Akutes Koronarsyndrom; Cholesterin; Sterblichkeit
Volume:140
Issue:2
Page Number:10
First Page:103
Last Page:112
Note:
Erratum erschienen in: Circulation, 140.2019, Nr. 4, S. e171, doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000712
Note:
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited, the use is noncommercial, and no modifications or adaptations are made.
HeBIS-PPN:465942458
Institutes:Medizin / Medizin
Exzellenzcluster / Exzellenzcluster Herz-Lungen-System
Dewey Decimal Classification:6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
Sammlungen:Universitätspublikationen
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - Namensnennung-Nicht kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitung 4.0