Open Access

Antje Balasus, Armin Kratt, Helmut Saucke

• Fraßschäden des Erbsenwicklers Cydia nigricana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) verursachen im Anbau von Gemüse- und Saaterbsen erhebliche wirtschaftliche Schäden. Im Gemüseerbsenanbau waren in ganzen Regionen Erbsenflächen aufgrund der Überschreitung der Toleranzschwelle von 0,5 % angefressenen Erbsen nicht vermarktungsfähig. Im Saaterbsenanbau verursacht C. nigricana verminderte Keim- und Triebkraft, das Anhaften von Unkrautsamen am Saatgut und Mykosen wie Ascochyta und Fusarium. Zur Befallsreduzierung wurden in den Versuchsjahren 2004-2006 Untersuchungen zum Einsatz von Pheromon zur Paarungsstörung des Schädlings durchgeführt.
• Pea production in Germany has increased and pea moth (Cydia nigricana, Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) has become a serious problem. To reduce the damage 200g synthetic pheromon E8,E10-dodecandienylacetat / ha were used for mating disruption. The 3 year trial included couples of treatment and control with respected similar damage rating and field design. Pheromone loss in field dispensers was evaluated by extraction and subsequent analytical composition measurement; release rates from such dispensers was also analyzed under lab conditions in windtunnels by gravimetric analysis and head space sampling. The effect of mating disruption was measured by the ratio of pea moth larva and damaged peas per pod. The picking of peas was on the BBCH stage 79 in a 6x6 plots/pattern with 100 pods from each. All pheromone fields showed about 31% lower damage rates than there reference plots. To assess the limiting factors in the use of pheromones, cages with agro-net were tested in pheromone treated and control pea fields. The boxes were placed in the field before the first flight day of pea moth. Single hedged males and females were set free in the box. The efficacy in reducing pea moth damage was on average 78%, while the samples of the surrounding pea fields showed only a reduction of 49%. Analyses of spermatophores from females caught on transects showed also in far distances from pea field a high percentage of mated females. That seems to be the main problem of mating disruption of C. nigricana.