High sedation needs of critically ill COVID-19 ARDS patients - a monocentric observational study

  • Background: Therapy of severely affected coronavirus patient, requiring intubation and sedation is still challenging. Recently, difficulties in sedating these patients have been discussed. This study aims to describe sedation practices in patients with 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods: We performed a retrospective monocentric analysis of sedation regimens in critically ill intubated patients with respiratory failure who required sedation in our mixed 32-bed university intensive care unit. All mechanically ventilated adults with COVID-19-induced ARDS requiring continuously infused sedative therapy admitted between April 4, 2020, and June 30, 2020 were included. We recorded demographic data, sedative dosages, prone positioning, sedation levels and duration. Descriptive data analysis was performed; for additional analysis, a logistic regression with mixed effect was used. Results: In total, 56 patients (mean age 67 (±14) years) were included. The mean observed sedation period was 224 (±139) hours. To achieve the prescribed sedation level, we observed the need for two or three sedatives in 48.7% and 12.8% of the cases, respectively. In cases with a triple sedation regimen, the combination of clonidine, esketamine and midazolam was observed in most cases (75.7%). Analgesia was achieved using sufentanil in 98.6% of the cases. The analysis showed that the majority of COVID-19 patients required an unusually high sedation dose compared to those available in the literature. Conclusion: The global pandemic continues to affect patients severely requiring ventilation and sedation, but optimal sedation strategies are still lacking. The findings of our observation suggest unusual high dosages of sedatives in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19. Prescribed sedation levels appear to be achievable only with several combinations of sedatives in most critically ill patients suffering from COVID-19-induced ARDS and a potential association to the often required sophisticated critical care including prone positioning and ECMO treatment seems conceivable.

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Author:Armin Niklas Flinspach, Hendrik BookeORCiDGND, Kai ZacharowskiORCiDGND, Ümniye Balaba, Eva HerrmannORCiDGND, Elisabeth AdamORCiDGND
URN:urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-626896
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253778
ISSN:1932-6203
Parent Title (English):PLOS ONE
Publisher:PLOS
Place of publication:San Francisco, California, US
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Date of Publication (online):2021/07/27
Date of first Publication:2021/07/27
Publishing Institution:Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg
Release Date:2021/10/15
Tag:Acute respiratory distress syndrom; COVID 19; Intensive care units; Intubation; Opioids; Sedation; Sedatives; Ventilators
Volume:16
Issue:7, art. e0253778
Page Number:13
First Page:1
Last Page:13
HeBIS-PPN:488131294
Institutes:Medizin
Dewey Decimal Classification:6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
Sammlungen:Universitätspublikationen
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - Namensnennung 4.0