Molecular, viral and clinical features of alcohol- and non-alcohol-induced liver injury

  • Hepatic cells are sensitive to internal and external signals. Ethanol is one of the oldest and most widely used drugs in the world. The focus on the mechanistic engine of the alcohol-induced injury has been in the liver, which is responsible for the pathways of alcohol metabolism. Ethanol undergoes a phase I type of reaction, mainly catalyzed by the cytoplasmic enzyme, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), and by the microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by cytochrome (CYP) 2E1 activity and MEOS contribute to ethanol-induced toxicity. We aimed to: (1) Describe the cellular, pathophysiological and clinical effects of alcohol misuse on the liver; (2) Select the biomarkers and analytical methods utilized by the clinical laboratory to assess alcohol exposure; (3) Provide therapeutic ideas to prevent/reduce alcohol-induced liver injury; (4) Provide up-to-date knowledge regarding the Corona virus and its affect on the liver; (5) Link rare diseases with alcohol consumption. The current review contributes to risk identification of patients with alcoholic, as well as non-alcoholic, liver disease and metabolic syndrome. Additional prevalence of ethnic, genetic, and viral vulnerabilities are presented.

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Author:Manuela G. NeumanORCiDGND, Helmut K. SeitzORCiDGND, Rolf TeschkeORCiDGND, Stephen Malnick, Kamisha L. Johnson-Davis, Lawrence B. CohenORCiDGND, Anit German, Nicolas HohmannORCiDGND, Bernhardo Moreira, George Moussa, Mihai Opris
URN:urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-692996
DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb44030087
ISSN:1467-3045
Parent Title (English):Current issues in molecular biology
Publisher:[Verlag nicht ermittelbar]
Place of publication:Wymondham, Norfolk
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Date of Publication (online):2022/03/16
Date of first Publication:2022/03/16
Publishing Institution:Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg
Release Date:2024/07/15
Tag:alcoholic liver disease; apoptosis; cellular toxicity; cytochrome P450; cytokines; fibrosis; inflammation; microsomal ethanol oxidizing system; reactive oxygen species
Volume:44
Issue:3
Page Number:22
First Page:1294
Last Page:1315
HeBIS-PPN:520854306
Institutes:Medizin
Dewey Decimal Classification:5 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / 57 Biowissenschaften; Biologie / 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
Sammlungen:Universitätspublikationen
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International