Comparison of the action of bleaching herbicides

  • Among chlorosis-inducing herbicides that interfere with carotenoid synthesis two groups of different potency can be discriminated (group 1: aminotriazole amd haloxidine; group 2 with more extensive photodestructions: pyridazinone herbicides and difunon). After application of herbicides of group 2 colored carotenoids were completely absent and preexisting chlorophyll was degraded by photochemical reactions requiring high light intensity and O2, that occurred also at 0°C. In treatments with group 1 herbicides direct photodegradation of chlorophyll was not sufficient to generate the chlorosis. Light-induced interference with constituents of the chloroplast protein synthesis apparatus being more sensitive to photooxidative damage than chlorophyll, appeared to indirectly mediate the chlorosis. In the absence of chloroplast protein synthesis further chlorophyll accumulation is prevented. Photodegradation of chlorophyll in the presence of group 2 herbicides involved the participation of O2- radicals and was accompanied by lipid peroxidation. In all herbicide treatments the catalase activity of the leaves was very low. Only in the presence of group 2 herbicides chloroplast enzymes of cytoplasmic origin (e.g. NADP-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) were also inactivated. Rapid inactivation of catalase as well as of NADP-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was induced by exposure of dim-light-grown herbicide-treated leaves to bright light, also at 0°C. In treatments with herbicides of group 2 also other peroxisomal enzymes (e.g. glycolate oxidate, hydroxy-pyruvate reductase) were affected. The elimination of these peroxisomal enzymes also appeared to depend on photooxidative processes of the chloroplast.

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Metadaten
Author:Jürgen FeierabendGND
URN:urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-723274
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-1984-0529
ISSN:0939-5075
ISSN:1865-7125
Parent Title (German):Zeitschrift für Naturforschung, C
Publisher:Verlag der Zeitschrift für Naturforschung
Place of publication:Tübingen
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Date of Publication (online):2014/06/02
Year of first Publication:1984
Publishing Institution:Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg
Release Date:2024/01/30
Tag:Bleaching Herbicides; Carotenoids; Catalase; Chlorosis; Leaf Peroxisomes; Photooxidation
Volume:39.1984
Issue:5
Page Number:5
First Page:450
Last Page:454
Institutes:Biowissenschaften
Dewey Decimal Classification:5 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / 57 Biowissenschaften; Biologie / 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
Sammlungen:Universitätspublikationen
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - Namensnennung-Nicht kommerziell-Keine Bearbeitung 3.0