Exploring the link between lifestyle, inflammation, and insulin resistance through an improved healthy living index

  • Lifestyle factors—such as diet, physical activity (PA), smoking, and alcohol consumption—have a significant impact on mortality as well as healthcare costs. Moreover, they play a crucial role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). There also seems to be a link between lifestyle behaviours and insulin resistance, which is often a precursor of DM2. This study uses an enhanced Healthy Living Index (HLI) integrating accelerometric data and an Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) to explore differences in lifestyle between insulin-sensitive (IS) and insulin-resistant (IR) individuals. Moreover, it explores the association between lifestyle behaviours and inflammation. Analysing data from 99 participants of the mPRIME study (57 women and 42 men; mean age 49.8 years), we calculated HLI scores—ranging from 0 to 4— based on adherence to specific low-risk lifestyle behaviours, including non-smoking, adhering to a healthy diet, maximally moderate alcohol consumption, and meeting World Health Organization (WHO) PA guidelines. Insulin sensitivity was assessed using a Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were used as a proxy for inflammation. Lifestyle behaviours, represented by HLI scores, were significantly different between IS and IR individuals (U = 1529.0; p = 0.023). The difference in the HLI score between IR and IS individuals was mainly driven by lower adherence to PA recommendations in the IR group. Moreover, reduced PA was linked to increased CRP levels in the IR group (r = −0.368, p = 0.014). Our findings suggest that enhancing PA, especially among individuals with impaired insulin resistance, holds significant promise as a preventive strategy.

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Author:Franz BrucknerORCiD, Judith R. GruberORCiD, Alea RufORCiDGND, Sharmili Edwin ThanarajahORCiD, Andreas ReifORCiDGND, Silke MaturaORCiDGND
URN:urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-835699
DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16030388
ISSN:2072-6643
Pubmed Id:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38337673
Parent Title (English):Nutrients
Publisher:MDPI
Place of publication:Basel
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Date of Publication (online):2024/01/29
Date of first Publication:2024/01/29
Publishing Institution:Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg
Release Date:2024/04/05
Tag:Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA); Healthy Living Index (HLI); inflammation; insulin resistance; lifestyle
Volume:16
Issue:3
Page Number:14
HeBIS-PPN:521024188
Institutes:Medizin
Dewey Decimal Classification:6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
Sammlungen:Universitätspublikationen
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International