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- 2017 (3)
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- Acrodiscus (1)
- Census of Life (1)
- DNA barcoding (1)
- Laurencia caspica (1)
- Laurencia crustiformans (1)
- Laurencia flexilis (1)
- Mediterranean endemic (1)
- Museum life (1)
- Ohelopapa (1)
- Osmundea (1)
The special set of papers entitled “DNA Library of Life” constitutes an outcome of the project “Bibliothèque du vivant” (BdV), which aims to promote the molecular taxonomy of eukaryotes by offering research teams the possibility to produce and manage a molecular library linked with specimens deposited in natural history museums. The project was funded by three French institutions (the CNRS, INRA and MNHN), and provided access to the sequencing power offered by the Genoscope for 105 teams between 2011 and 2013. It was subsequently supported by the CNRS through the “Groupement de Recherche Génomique Environnementale”. The scientific objectives of this programme were threefold: 1) species delimitation among species complexes; 2) phylogenetic reconstruction (including phylogenomics); and 3) metabarcoding and improving NGS methods for systematic purposes. Within the present collection, 19 papers contribute to these objectives across a large taxonomic range and a worldwide geographic coverage. These papers propose taxonomic novelties (22 new species and 3 new genera) in both animal and plant taxa.
Acrodiscus Zanardini is a poorly known monotypic endemic Mediterranean genus based on A. vidovichii (Menegh.) Zanardini. Rarely reported, its reproductive structures have remained undocumented, leaving its exact taxonomic position uncertain. Solely on the basis of its vegetative structure, Zanardini provisionally placed it in the family Cryptonemiaceae of the order Cryptonemiales (currently the Halymeniaceae of the Halymeniales), although he was uncertain as to whether the new genus actually belonged to that family or should instead be included in the Gigartinaceae of the Gigartinales (where Meneghini had originally placed it). In the present study we have extensively sampled A. vidovichii and documented its vegetative and tetrasporangial features. As well, we provide molecularsequence data (COI-5P, rbcL, LSU) that indicate its phylogenetic affinities. We confirm Acrodiscus as a member of the Halymeniaceae and its status as an independent genus. Searches of several institutional herbaria have allowed us to locate and lectotypify Meneghini’s Chondrus? vidovichii by the discovery of his original material now held at the Herbarium Horti Pisani (Pisa, Italy).
The systematics of the Laurencia complex was investigated using a taxon-rich data set including the chloroplast ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit (rbcL) gene only and a character-rich data set combining mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (COI-5P), the rbcL marker, and the nuclear large subunit of the ribosomal operon (LSU). Bayesian and ML analyses of these data sets showed that three species hitherto placed in the genus Laurencia J.V.Lamour. were not closely related to Laurencia s. str. Laurencia caspica Zinova & Zaberzhinskaya was the sister group of the remaining Osmundea Stackh. species, L. crustiformans McDermid joined Palisada and L. flexilis Setch. consisted of an independent lineage. In light of these results a new genus, Ohelopapa F.Rousseau, Martin-Lescanne, Payri & L.Le Gall gen. nov., is proposed to accommodate L. flexilis. This new genus is morphologically characterized by four pericentral cells in each vegetative axial segment; however, it lacks ‘corps en cerise’ in cortical cells and secondary pit connections between cortical cells, which are characteristic of Laurencia. Three novel combinations are proposed to render the classification closer to a natural system: Ohelopapa flexilis (Setch.) F.Rousseau, Martin-Lescanne, Payri & L.Le Gall comb. nov., Osmundea caspica (Zinova & Zaberzhinskaya) Maggs & L.M.McIvor comb. nov. and Palisada crustiformans (McDermid) A.R.Sherwood, A.Kurihara & K.W.Nam comb. nov.