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While Freud regularly discusses the Oedipus complex in the context of the Sophoclean tragedy, the founding document of the psychoanalytic theory of narcissism lacks any trace of the mythological substrate. Both Narcissus, who contributed no less than his name to the psychic phenomenon of narcissism, and Ovid, in whose Metamorphoses the most elaborate and effective elaboration of the myth of Narcissus is laid down, form a conspicuous blank space in Freud's 'Introduction to Narcissism'. This article will attempt to explain this lack of tradition and, in addition, discuss the figure of Pygmalion as a productive form of narcissism that can supplement Freud's theory.