TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gao, Yidian
A1  - Rogers, Jack C.
A1  - Pauli, Ruth
A1  - Clanton, Roberta
A1  - Baker, Rosalind
A1  - Birch, Philippa
A1  - Ferreira, Lisandra
A1  - Brown, Abigail
A1  - Freitag, Christine M.
A1  - Fairchild, Graeme
A1  - Rotshtein, Pia
A1  - De Brito, Stéphane A.
T1  - Neural correlates of theory of mind in typically-developing youth: Influence of sex, age and callous-unemotional traits
T2  - Scientific reports
N2  - Theory of mind (ToM), or the ability to infer and predict the intentions, thoughts and beliefs of others, involves cognitive perspective taking (cognitive ToM/cToM) and understanding emotions (affective ToM/aToM). While behavioral evidence indicates that ToM is influenced by sex and age, no study has examined the influence of these variables on the neural correlates of cToM and aToM in late childhood/adolescence. Using fMRI with 35 typically-developing youths (aged 9–18 years, 12 males), we investigated the influence of sex and age on the neural correlates of cToM and aToM. We also examined how callous-unemotional traits, indexing a lack of empathy, were related to brain responses during aToM. Across both conditions, we found convergent activity in ToM network regions, such as superior temporal sulcus/temporoparietal junction (TPJ) and precuneus across males and females, but males recruited the left TPJ significantly more than females during cToM. During aToM, age was negatively correlated with brain responses in frontal, temporal and posterior midline regions, while callous-unemotional traits were positively correlated with right anterior insula responses. These results provide the first evidence in youth that sex influences the neural correlates of cToM, while age and callous-unemotional traits are specifically related to brain responses during aToM.
KW  - Cognitive neuroscience
KW  - Human behaviour
Y1  - 2019
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/54345
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-543455
SN  - 2045-2322
N1  - Open Access: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
VL  - 9
IS  - 1, Art. 16216
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
PB  - Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature
CY  - [London]
ER  -