TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gagl, Benjamin
A1  - Sassenhagen, Jona
A1  - Haan, Sophia
A1  - Gregorova, Klara
A1  - Richlan, Fabio
A1  - Fiebach, Christian
T1  - An orthographic prediction error as the basis for efficient visual word recognition
T2  - NeuroImage
N2  - Most current models assume that the perceptual and cognitive processes of visual word recognition and reading operate upon neuronally coded domain-general low-level visual representations – typically oriented line representations. We here demonstrate, consistent with neurophysiological theories of Bayesian-like predictive neural computations, that prior visual knowledge of words may be utilized to ‘explain away’ redundant and highly expected parts of the visual percept. Subsequent processing stages, accordingly, operate upon an optimized representation of the visual input, the orthographic prediction error, highlighting only the visual information relevant for word identification. We show that this optimized representation is related to orthographic word characteristics, accounts for word recognition behavior, and is processed early in the visual processing stream, i.e., in V4 and before 200 ​ms after word-onset. Based on these findings, we propose that prior visual-orthographic knowledge is used to optimize the representation of visually presented words, which in turn allows for highly efficient reading processes.
KW  - Visual word recognition
KW  - Predictive coding
KW  - Computational modelling
KW  - Reaction times
KW  - fMRI
KW  - EEG
KW  - Handwriting
Y1  - 2020
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/73694
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-736949
SN  - 1053-8119
VL  - 214
IS  - 116727
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  -