TY  - JOUR
A1  - Maawi, Sarah al-
A1  - Wang, Xuejiu
A1  - Sader, Robert Alexander
A1  - Götz, Werner
A1  - Motta, Antonella
A1  - Migliaresi, Claudio
A1  - Kirkpatrick, Charles James
A1  - Ghanaati, Shahram Michael
T1  - Multinucleated giant cells induced by a silk fibroin construct express proinflammatory agents: an immunohistological study
T2  - Materials
N2  - Multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) are frequently observed in the implantation areas of different biomaterials. The main aim of the present study was to analyze the long-term polarization pattern of the pro- and anti-inflammatory phenotypes of macrophages and MNGCs for 180 days to better understand their role in the success or failure of biomaterials. For this purpose, silk fibroin (SF) was implanted in a subcutaneous implantation model of Wistar rats as a model for biomaterial-induced MNGCs. A sham operation was used as a control for physiological wound healing. The expression of different inflammatory markers (proinflammatory M1: CCR-7, iNos; anti-inflammatory M2: CD-206, CD-163) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and CD-68 were identified using immunohistochemical staining. The results showed significantly higher numbers of macrophages and MNGCs within the implantation bed of SF-expressed M1 markers, compared to M2 markers. Interestingly, the expression of proinflammatory markers was sustained over the long observation period of 180 days. By contrast, the control group showed a peak of M1 macrophages only on day 3. Thereafter, the inflammatory pattern shifted to M2 macrophages. No MNGCs were observed in the control group. To the best of our knowledge, this is study is the first to outline the persistence of pro-inflammatory MNGCs within the implantation bed of SF and to describe their long-term kinetics over 180 days. Clinically, these results are highly relevant to understand the role of biomaterial-induced MNGCs in the long term. These findings suggest that tailored physicochemical properties may be a key to avoiding extensive inflammatory reactions and achieving clinical success. Therefore, further research is needed to elucidate the correlation between proinflammatory MNGCs and the physicochemical characteristics of the implanted biomaterial.
KW  - silk fibroin
KW  - multinucleated giant cells
KW  - inflammation
KW  - disintegration
KW  - cellular response
Y1  - 2021
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/62382
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-623820
SN  - 1996-1944
VL  - 14
IS  - 14, art. 4038
SP  - 1
EP  - 19
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  -