TY  - JOUR
A1  - Howell, Kerry L.
A1  - Davies, Jaime S.
A1  - Allcock, Luise
A1  - Braga-Henriques, Andreia
A1  - Buhl-Mortensen, Pål
A1  - Carreiro-Silva, Marina
A1  - Dominguez-Carrió, Carlos
A1  - Durden, Jennifer M.
A1  - Foster, Nicola
A1  - Game, Chloe A.
A1  - Hitchin, Becky
A1  - Horton, Tammy
A1  - Hosking, Brett
A1  - Jones, Daniel O. B.
A1  - Mah, Christopher
A1  - Laguionie Marchais, Claire
A1  - Menot, Lenaick
A1  - Morato, Telmo
A1  - Pearman, Tabitha R. R.
A1  - Piechaud, Nils
A1  - Ross, Rebecca E.
A1  - Ruhl, Henry A.
A1  - Saeedi, Hanieh
A1  - Stefanoudis, Paris V.
A1  - Taranto, Gerald H.
A1  - Thompson, Michael B.
A1  - Taylor, James R.
A1  - Tyler, Paul
A1  - Vad, Johanne
A1  - Victorero, Lissette
A1  - Vieira, Rui P.
A1  - Woodall, Lucy C.
A1  - Xavier, Joana R.
A1  - Wagner, Daniel
T1  - A framework for the development of a global standardised marine taxon reference image database (SMarTaR-ID) to support image-based analyses
T2  - PLoS one
N2  - Video and image data are regularly used in the field of benthic ecology to document biodiversity. However, their use is subject to a number of challenges, principally the identification of taxa within the images without associated physical specimens. The challenge of applying traditional taxonomic keys to the identification of fauna from images has led to the development of personal, group, or institution level reference image catalogues of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) or morphospecies. Lack of standardisation among these reference catalogues has led to problems with observer bias and the inability to combine datasets across studies. In addition, lack of a common reference standard is stifling efforts in the application of artificial intelligence to taxon identification. Using the North Atlantic deep sea as a case study, we propose a database structure to facilitate standardisation of morphospecies image catalogues between research groups and support future use in multiple front-end applications. We also propose a framework for coordination of international efforts to develop reference guides for the identification of marine species from images. The proposed structure maps to the Darwin Core standard to allow integration with existing databases. We suggest a management framework where high-level taxonomic groups are curated by a regional team, consisting of both end users and taxonomic experts. We identify a mechanism by which overall quality of data within a common reference guide could be raised over the next decade. Finally, we discuss the role of a common reference standard in advancing marine ecology and supporting sustainable use of this ecosystem.
KW  - Taxonomy
KW  - Catalogs
KW  - Sponges
KW  - Marine ecology
KW  - Databases
KW  - Marine biology
KW  - Marine ecosystems
KW  - Biodiversity
Y1  - 2019
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/52585
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-525855
SN  - 1932-6203
N1  - This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.
VL  - 14
IS  - (12): e0218904
SP  - 1
EP  - 25
PB  - PLoS
CY  - Lawrence, Kan.
ER  -