TY  - JOUR
A1  - Decourcelle, Mathilde
A1  - Perez-Fons, Laura
A1  - Baulande, Sylvain
A1  - Steiger, Sabine
A1  - Couvelard, Linhdavanh
A1  - Hem, Sonia
A1  - Zhu, Changfu
A1  - Capell, Teresa
A1  - Christou, Paul
A1  - Fraser, Paul J.
A1  - Sandmann, Gerhard
T1  - Combined transcript, proteome, and metabolite analysis of transgenic maize seeds engineered for enhanced carotenoid synthesis reveals pleotropic effects in core metabolism
T2  - The journal of experimental botany
N2  - The aim of this study was to assess whether endosperm-specific carotenoid biosynthesis influenced core metabolic processes in maize embryo and endosperm and how global seed metabolism adapted to this expanded biosynthetic capacity. Although enhancement of carotenoid biosynthesis was targeted to the endosperm of maize kernels, a concurrent up-regulation of sterol and fatty acid biosynthesis in the embryo was measured. Targeted terpenoid analysis, and non-targeted metabolomic, proteomic, and transcriptomic profiling revealed changes especially in carbohydrate metabolism in the transgenic line. In-depth analysis of the data, including changes of metabolite pools and increased enzyme and transcript concentrations, gave a first insight into the metabolic variation precipitated by the higher up-stream metabolite demand by the extended biosynthesis capacities for terpenoids and fatty acids. An integrative model is put forward to explain the metabolic regulation for the increased provision of terpenoid and fatty acid precursors, particularly glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate or acetyl-CoA from imported fructose and glucose. The model was supported by higher activities of fructokinase, glucose 6-phosphate isomerase, and fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase indicating a higher flux through the glycolytic pathway. Although pyruvate and acetyl-CoA utilization was higher in the engineered line, pyruvate kinase activity was lower. A sufficient provision of both metabolites may be supported by a by-pass in a reaction sequence involving phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, malate dehydrogenase, and malic enzyme.
KW  - GM maize
KW  - Genetically engineered carotenoid biosynthesis
KW  - metabolomics
KW  - pathway regulation
KW  - proteomics
KW  - transcriptomics
Y1  - 2015
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/37225
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-372250
SN  - 1460-2431
N1  - © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
VL  - 66
IS  - 11
SP  - 3141
EP  - 3150
PB  - Univ. Press
CY  - Oxford
ER  -